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. 2009 Aug 31;206(9):1929–1940. doi: 10.1084/jem.20090896

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© 2009 Agius et al.

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jem.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

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Figure 7. — Macrophages isolated from the skin of old donors secrete TNF-α in response to TLR signals in vitro. Cells removed from skin suction blisters 48 h after C. albicans injection were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml; Sigma-Aldrich), Pam₃CSK4 (1 µg/ml), or medium as a control for 4 h in the presence of GolgiStop, and then stained for CD14, CD163, and TNF–α. PBMCs were stimulated in parallel. (A) Graph shows percentage of TNF-α–secreting CD14⁺ cells after in vitro stimulation of PBMCs with medium alone or LPS (n = 11 young, 11 old) and Pam₃CSK4 (n = 6 young, 7 old). Each symbol represents the results from one individual. The percentage of CD14⁺ cells producing TNF-α after in vitro stimulation of blister cells with LPS (n = 6 young, 7 old) and Pam₃CSK4 (n = 3 young, 4 for old). (B) Each symbol represents the results from one individual.