Table 2.
Sleep Measures During Night-Time, MSLT, and 24-h Monitoring in Narcoleptics with Long Sleep Time (Total Sleep Time During 24-h Monitoring > 11 h) Compared with Patients with Narcolepsy without Long Sleep Time, Idiopathic Hypersomnia with Long Sleep Time, and Controls
| Patients | Narcolepsy with long sleep time | Narcolepsy without long sleep time | Idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time | Controls |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 23 | 29 | 25 | 20 |
| Nighttime sleep | ||||
| Total sleep time, min | 607 ± 61 | 477 ± 61* | 655 ± 57* | 517 ± 60* |
| Sleep efficiency, % | 92.4 ± 6.7 | 87.1 ± 11.0* | 93.9 ± 4.5 | 91.1 ± 4.6 |
| Latency to, min | ||||
| Sleep onset | 25 ± 25 | 21 ± 30 | 28 ± 37 | 34 ± 21 |
| REM sleep | 53 ± 34 | 55 ± 35 | 70 ± 30* | 78 ± 32* |
| Sleep stages, % total | ||||
| Stages 1–2 | 53.3 ± 9.7 | 54.9 ± 8.1 | 55.1 ± 7.1 | 52.0 ± 7.4 |
| Stages 3–4 | 22.1 ± 11.1 | 22.5 ± 5.3 | 20.7 ± 8.7 | 24.9 ± 6.1 |
| REM sleep | 24.6 ± 6.4 | 22.2 ± 5.2 | 24.1 ± 6.9 | 22.8 ± 4.2 |
| Sleep cycle numbers | 6.5 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 0.9* | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 5.5 ± 0.8* |
| Sleep cycle duration, min | 95 ± 15 | 97 ± 13 | 103 ± 11 | 94 ± 11 |
| End of the night | ||||
| SWS after 06:00 % patients | 60.9 | 48.2 | 80.9 | 45.0 |
| Time of last SWS episode, am | 8:03 ± 1.03 | 8:04 ± 1:08 | 9:47 ± 2:01* | 6:21 ± 1:37* |
| Sleep fragmentation | ||||
| Arousals, n/h | 11.6 ± 5.0 | 14.0 ± 6.8 | 10.5 ± 6.0 | 21.8 ± 10.6* |
| Periodic legs movements, n/h | 6.8 ± 7.2 | 8.2 ± 14.4 | 9.4 ± 17.0 | 1.3 ± 1.5* |
| Periodic legs movement arousals, n/h | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 3.4 | 1.2 ± 2.2 | 0.5 ± 0.7* |
| Apnea/hypopnea, n/h | 1.8 ± 2.9 | 1.9 ± 2.7 | 1.6 ± 3.6 | 2.3 ± 2.9 |
| Daytime sleep time, min | 131 ± 52* | 86 ± 57* | 90 ± 62* | 47 ± 33* |
| Sleep during 24-h monitoring | ||||
| Total sleep time, min | 738 ± 58 | 562 ± 66* | 745 ± 72 | 564 ± 61* |
| Sleep stages, % total | ||||
| Stages 1–2 | 54.1 ± 9.5 | 55.3 ± 7.6 | 57.6 ± 7.8 | 54.7 ± 7.1 |
| Stages 3–4 | 21.9 ± 11.0 | 22.2 ± 5.6 | 20.0 ± 8.9 | 23.9 ± 5.6 |
| REM sleep | 24.0 ± 6.1 | 22.0 ± 4.8 | 22.3 ± 6.3 | 21.3 ± 4.1 |
| Multiple sleep latency test | ||||
| Mean sleep latency ± SE, min | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 6.5 ± 0.6 | 8.7 ± 0.9* | 15.3 ± 0.8* |
| Number of SOREMPs | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 0.2 ± 0.5* | 0.2 ± 0.6* |
*
P < 0.05 for a difference between narcolepsy with long sleep time; SWS: slow wave sleep (NREM sleep stages 3-4); SOREMP: sleep onset in rapid eye movements sleep period.