Table 3.

Association between six health outcomes and multiple vaccines depending on deployment. All odds ratios and mean differences are controlled for education, age, service (Royal Navy, Army, or Royal Air Force), and rank (commissioned officer, other ranks). Statistical test results are trend tests

No of vaccines	No receiving vaccine	Odds ratio (95% CI) for multisymptom illness	Odds ratio (95% CI) for fatigue case	Odds ratio (95% CI) for multisymptom illness (GHQ case*)	Odds ratio (95% CI) multisymptom illness (PTSR case†)	Mean difference (95% CI) for health perception‡	Mean difference (95% CI) for physical functioning‡
Before deployment
0/1	157	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	—	—
2	142	1.0 (0.6 to 1.6)	1.1 (0.7 to 1.8)	1.0 (0.6 to 1.7)	0.9 (0.4 to 2.1)	−3.9 (−9.6 to 1.9)	−1.2 (−4.2 to 1.8)
3	122	0.8 (0.5 to 1.4)	0.8 (0.5 to 1.3)	0.9 (0.5 to 1.6)	1.3 (0.6 to 3.0)	1.6 (−4.4 to 7.7)	1.8 (−1.4 to 4.9)
4	131	1.3 (0.8 to 2.2)	1.2 (0.7 to 2.0)	1.6 (1.0 to 2.7)	2.0 (0.9 to 4.4)	−4.8 (−10.7 to 1.1)	−1.7 (−4.8 to 1.4)
⩾5	74	1.1 (0.6 to 2.0)	1.2 (0.7 to 2.2)	1.1 (0.6 to 2.1)	2.2 (0.9 to 5.2)	−3.3 (−17.3 to −1.9)	−2.7 (−6.4 to 1.1)
		χ2=00.7 (0.38)	χ2=0.6 (0.45)	χ2=2.0 (0.16)	χ2=6.3 (0.01)	t=1.1 (0.3)	t=1.2 (0.21)
During deployment
0/1	193	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	—	—
2	103	2.2 (1.3 to 3.7)	1.8 (1.1 to 3.0)	1.1 (0.7 to 1.9)	1.6 (0.7 to 3.7)	−7.3 (−13.3 to −1.3)	−2.6 (−5.8 to 0.7)
3	108	2.4 (1.4 to 4.0)	1.8 (1.1 to 2.9)	1.6 (0.9 to 2.6)	3.0 (1.4 to 6.5)	−8.9 (−14.7 to −3.0)	−2.6 (−5.8 to 0.5)
4	172	2.2 (1.4 to 3.4)	2.0 (1.3 to 3.0)	1.2 (0.8 to 1.9)	1.7 (0.8 to 3.5)	−5.9 (−11.0 to −0.8)	−2.2 (−5.0 to 0.6)
⩾5	70	5.0 (2.5 to 9.8)	3.4 (1.9 to 6.2)	2.1 (1.2 to 3.7)	1.9 (0.8 to 4.7)	−15.0 (−21.8 to −8.2)	−6.3 (−10.0 to −2.6)
		χ2=24.9 (<0.0001)	χ2=16.7 (<0.0001)	χ2=4.81 (0.03)	χ2=2.4 (0.12)	t=3.8 (<0.001)	t=287 (0.005)

^*General health questionnaire. 

^†Post-traumatic stress reaction. 

^‡Mean differences refer to decrements in percentage points on SF-36 subscales.