Table. Summary of dilution susceptibilities for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, Taiwan, 1996–1999.
| % of nonsusceptible isolates (intermediate/resistant) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial agent | 1996–1997a | 1996–1997b | 1998–1999c | 1998–1999d | 2000e |
| (n=200) | (n=550) | (n=267) | (n=288) | (n=24) | |
| Penicillin | 61 (28/33) | 56 (43/13) | 76 (51/25) | 56 (34/22) | 58 (50/8) |
| Amoxicillin (-clavulanate) | 50 (34/16) | 33 (32/1) | 22 (12/10) | — | |
| Cefuroxime | — | — | 67 (16/51) | 43 (6/37) | — |
| Ceftriaxone (cefotaxime) | 39 (16/23) | 13 (11/2) | 56 (54/2) | 25 (15/10) | 33 (29/4) |
| Cefepime | 43 (19/24) | — | — | — | 42 (21/21) |
| Imipenem | — | 15 (13/2) | — | 14 (14/0) | 21 (21/0) |
| Meropenem | — | — | — | — | 4 (4/0) |
| Erythromycin | 83 (6/77) | 74 (5/69) | — | 76 (4/74) | — |
| Azithromycin | — | 78 (4/74) | 94 (4/90) | 78 (6/72) | — |
| Clarithromycin | 90 (9/81) | — | 95 (6/89) | — | — |
| Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole | 87 (6/81) | — | 65 (33/32) | 71 (30/41) | — |
| Ciprofloxacinf | 2 | — | 4 | — | 0 |
| Levofloxacin | — | 1 (0/1) | — | 0 | |
| Moxifloxacin | 0 | — | 1 (0/1) | — | 0 |
| Rifampin | 0 | 7 (7/0) | — | — | — |
| Vancomycin | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 |
| Quinupristin-dalfopristin | — | — | 8 (6/2) | — | 42 (38/4) |
| Linezolid | — | — | 0 | — | 0 |
aData adopted from reference 6. All isolates were recovered from various clinical specimens (60% of isolates from respiratory secretions and 27% from blood samples) of patients treated at the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH). b Data adopted from references 7. All isolates were recovered from various clinical specimens (36.7% from sputa and 42.3% from sterile sites) of patients treated at 14 major hospitals in Taiwan. cData adopted from references 8. All isolates were recovered from various clinical specimens, including 86.4% from respiratory secretions and 8.8% from sterile sites (cerebrospinal fluid, blood, ascites and pleural fluid) of patients treated at five teaching hospitals in Taiwan. dData adopted from reference 9. All isolates were recovered from normally sterile sites (cerebrospinal fluid, blood, ascites and pleural fluid) of patients treated at all major hospitals in Taiwan. eData adopted from reference 10. All isolates were recovered from various clinical specimens (12 isolates were recovered from non-respiratory secretions) of patients treated at five teaching hospitals in Taiwan. fCiprofloxacin MIC >4 μg/mL.