Table 4. Odds ratios from best-fit logistic regression analyses of the presence or absence of a specific genetic cluster of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on demographic, clinical, behavioral, or treatment outcome variables a.
| Designationc | IS6110 copies | Spoligotypec | N | Main effect | Odds ratio estimates (95% CI)b | Wald pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 00003c | 1 | 777777777760771 | 40 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 3.70 (1.51% to 9.02%) | 0.004 |
| Age | 0.98 (0.96% to 0.99%) | 0.017 | ||||
| Foreign-born | 12.4 (3.83% to 39.9%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| 00129d | 1 | 777777777413771 | 25 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 73.3 (17.0% to 315.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Extrapulmonary infection | 2.57 (1.10% to 6.03%) | 0.03 | ||||
| 00129d | 1 | 777777774413771 | 83 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 282.8 (88.06% to 908.11%) | <0.0001 |
| 00129d | 1 | 477777777413071 | 23 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 6.34 (1.52% to 26.44%) | 0.01 |
| Foreign-born | 10.4 (1.55% to 70.12%) | 0.02 | ||||
| 00129d | 1 | 777777777413731 | 13 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 13.88 (3.71% to 51.92%) | <0.0001 |
| Resistance to first-line drugsd | 3.80 (1.22% to 11.86%) | 0.02 | ||||
| 00129 | 1 | 777776407760601 | 40 | Female | 2.73 (1.43% to 5.23%) | 0.0025 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3.57 (1.47% to 8.68%) | 0.005 | ||||
| Injecting drug use | 3.81 (1.81% to 8.03%) | 0.0004 | ||||
| 00016 | 2 | 701776777760601 | 129 | Male | 0.58 (0.40% to 0.84%) | 0.004 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 10.88 (5.48% to 21.6%) | 0.006 | ||||
| 00016c | 2 | 777776777760771 | 82 | Hispanic | 16.36 (10.15% to 26.37%) | <0.0001 |
| 00016 | 2 | 037776777760601 | 30 | Age | 1.03 (1.01% to 1.05%) | 0.006 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 7.13 (2.36% to 21.53%) | 0.0005 | ||||
| Resident, long-term care facility | 3.67 (1.17% to 11.70%) | 0.026 | ||||
| 00016d | 2 | 777776777760601 | 175 | U.S.-born | 3.12 (1.85% to 5.26%) | <0.0001 |
| Excessive alcohol use | 0.55 (0.37% to 0.83%) | 0.0048 | ||||
| 00370 | 3 | 700036777760731 | 13 | White, non-Hispanic | 5.20 (1.52% to 17.79%) | 0.0087 |
| HIV positive | 5.87 (1.69% to 20.41%) | 0.005 | ||||
| Noninjecting drug use | 3.74 (1.17% to 12.01%) | 0.03 | ||||
| 00017d | 4 | 700076777760771 | 25 | Hispanic | 4.97 (2.16% to 11.44%) | 0.0002 |
| 00017d | 4 | 777776777760771 | 64 | Hispanic | 15.7 (9.24% to 26.71%) | <0.0001 |
| 01285 | 4 | 777776777760771 | 20 | Resident, correctional facility | 8.23 (3.08% to 22.01%) | <0.0001 |
| 00015 | 7 | 28 | Black, non-Hispanic | 7.04 (1.64% to 30.3%) | 0.0087 | |
| Injecting drug use | 4.84 (2.11% to 11.09%) | 0.0002 | ||||
| Excessive alcohol use | 2.28 (1.02% to 5.13%) | 0.05 | ||||
| 00768 | 9 | 19 | Black, non-Hispanic | 11.68 (1.54% to 88.87%) | 0.02 | |
| Noninjecting drug use | 2.77 (1.11% to 6.92%) | 0.03 | ||||
| 00242d | 10 | 95 | Male | 2.12 (1.27% to 3.56%) | 0.004 | |
| Age | 0.97 (0.96% to 0.98%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| U.S.-born | 8.44 (2.63% to 27.09%) | 0.0003 | ||||
| Homeless | 3.60 (2.16% to 5.98%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Noninjecting drug use | 0.46 (0.24% to 0.90%) | 0.02 | ||||
| 00028 | 11 | 70 | Black, non-Hispanic | 17.57 (5.50% to 56.12%) | <0.0001 | |
| 00159 | 11 | 24 | Excessive alcohol use | 2.76 (1.23% to 6.22%) | 0.01 | |
| 00325 | 11 | 20 | Age | 1.03 (1.01% to 1.06%) | 0.01 | |
| Excessive alcohol use | 3.08 (1.22% to 7.70%) | 0.02 | ||||
| 00673 | 11 | 25 | Asian/Pacific Islander | 84.6 (19.85 to 361.9%) | <0.0001 | |
| 00757 | 11 | 16 | Age | 0.90 (0.85% to 0.94%) | <0.0001 | |
| HIV positive | 4.86 (1.60% to 14.79%) | 0.005 | ||||
| 00019c | 12 | 27 | Male | 3.68 (1.10% to 12.39%) | 0.03 | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 5.4 (2.35% to 11.08%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| 00372 | 12 | 20 | Homeless | 6.09 (2.43% to 15.20%) | 0.0001 | |
| Resident, long-term care facility | 5.52 (1.535 to 20.0%) | 0.009 | ||||
| 00035 | 13 | 33 | Black, non-Hispanic | 6.96 (2.3% to 21.0%) | 0.0006 | |
| Resistance to second-line drugse | 40.59 (16.5% to 99.85%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| 00867 | 14 | 20 | Black, non-Hispanic | 11.68 (1.54% to 88.87%) | 0.02 | |
| Noninjecting drug use | 2.77 (1.11% to 6.92%) | 0.03 | ||||
| 01284 | 17 | 46 | Black, non-Hispanic | 2.40 (1.22% to 3.57%) | <0.0001 | |
| Pulmonary disease | 0.92 (-0.01% to 1.86%) | 0.054 | ||||
| 00237c | 21 | 98 | White, non-Hispanic | 2.80 (1.81% to 4.33%) | <0.0001 | |
| Excessive alcohol use | 2.09 (1.36% to 3.22%) | 0.0007 | ||||
| 01693 | 21 | 29 | HIV positive | 3.16 (1.39% to 7.18%) | 0.006 | |
| Injecting drug use | 3.08 (1.26% to 7.56%) | 0.014 | ||||
| Extrapulmonary disease | 3.99 (1.69, 9.42) | 0.002 | ||||
| 00027 | 22 | 78 | Black, non-Hispanic | 1.74 (1.05% to 2.90%) | 0.03 | |
| Sputum-smear positive | 3.07 (1.75% to 5.39%) | <0.0001 |
aCI, confidence interval. bOnly genetic clusters that had ≥20 isolates were included in the analysis; some samples sizes are <20 because of missing data among independent variables (Wald 95% confidence intervals given in parentheses). Only genetic clusters with significant predictors are listed. Age was modeled as a continuous variable. cThe National Tuberculosis Genotyping Surveillance Network (NTGSN) designation for the IS6110 RFLP pattern is represented; spoligotype octal code designations are presented only for those genetic clusters from isolates that had ≤6 copies of IS6110. RFLP patterns and spoligotypes are detailed elsewhere (11). dsolates observed in ≥ 4 sites over 5 years. e First-line drug resistance is resistance to at least one of the following: isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, or streptomycin. Second-line drug resistance is resistance to one or more of the following: ethionamide, kanamycin, cycloserine, capreomycin, para-amino salicylic acid, amikacin, rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, or other drugs.