Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 Feb 25;204(4):573–585. doi: 10.1007/s00213-009-1489-4

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of the four drug conditions on cerebral blood flow velocities for middle cerebral artery (top panel) and anterior cerebral artery (bottom panel). Mean, systolic and diastolic blood flow velocities, averaged over left and right sides, are presented. Dark grey bars show the caffeine maintenance condition (caff/caff); solid bars show the acute caffeine abstinence condition (caff/plac), open bars show the placebo maintenance condition (plac/plac), and light grey bars show the acute caffeine administration condition (plac/caff). The y-axis is presented on a smaller scale (40-120 cm/s) that represents a physiologically reasonable range for cerebral blood flow velocity and allows more detailed inspection of the data (normative range is 29-176 cm/s for MCA and 16-124 cm/s for ACA). Brackets indicate +1SEM. Asterisks (*) indicate that the condition was significantly different from the acute abstinence condition (caff/plac); the letter “a” indicates that the acute abstinence condition (caff/plac) was significantly different from the two chronic maintenance conditions combined (caff/caff and plac/plac).