Table 1.
Association analysis of type 2 diabetes loci in type 1 diabetes cases and controls
| Gene region | SNP | Cases, n | Controls, n | Minor allele, Number of chromosomes (allele frequency) | OR (95% CI)a | p value | Power, %b | Power, %c | Type 2 diabetesd | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls | OR | Ref. | ||||||||
| TCF7L2 | rs7903146 (C>T)e | 5,896 | 7,322 | 3,395 (0.29) | 4,260 (0.29) | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | 0.744 | 81 | 100 | 1.37 | [8, 15] |
| rs12255372 (G>T) | 7,776 | 8,847 | 4,421 (0.28) | 5,125 (0.29) | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | 0.235 | 92 | 100 | 1.52 | [9] | |
| CDKN2A–B | rs10811661 (T>C) | 7,634 | 7,148 | 2,754 (0.18) | 2,498 (0.17) | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 0.354 | 68 | 100 | 0.83 | [4, 8, 15] |
| FTO | rs9939609 (T>A)e | 7,655 | 7,182 | 6,098 (0.40) | 5,644 (0.39) | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 0.252 | 92 | 100 | 1.17 | [4, 8] |
| KCNJ11 | rs5219 (C>T) | 8,058 | 10,406 | 5,772 (0.36) | 7,411 (0.36) | 1.02 (0.97–1.06) | 0.501 | 97 | 100 | 1.14 | [8, 15] |
| HHEX–IDE | rs1111875 (G>A) | 7,968 | 9,675 | 6,369 (0.40) | 8,042 (0.42) | 0.94 (0.90–0.98) | 0.003 | 97 | 100 | 0.88 | [4, 8, 15] |
| IGF2BP2 | rs4402960 (G>T) | 7,554 | 7,101 | 4,755 (0.31) | 4,546 (0.32) | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.457 | 89 | 99 | 1.14 | [4, 8, 15] |
| CDKAL1 | rs7756992 (A>G) | 7,714 | 7,200 | 4,185 (0.27) | 3,893 (0.27) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.957 | 86 | 100 | 1.20 | [11] |
| SLC30A8 | rs13266634 (C>T) | 7,680 | 7,200 | 4,879 (0.32) | 4,463 (0.31) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.146 | 89 | 93 | 0.89 | [4, 8, 15] |
| WFS1 | rs10010131 (G>A) | 7,745 | 9,259 | 6,173 (0.40) | 7,564 (0.41) | 0.96 (0.92–1.00) | 0.065 | 96 | 96 | 0.90 | [12] |
| HNF1B | rs7501939 (C>T) | 7,712 | 7,217 | 6,249 (0.41) | 5,800 (0.40) | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) | 0.554 | 93 | 85 | 1.10 | [13] |
| PPARG | rs1801282 (C>G) | 8,229 | 9,342 | 1,880 (0.11) | 2,304 (0.12) | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.004 | 60 | 82 | 0.88 | [4, 8, 15] |
| THADA | rs7578597 (T>C) | 7,601 | 8,395 | 1,598 (0.11) | 1,840 (0.11) | 0.94 (0.88–1.01) | 0.113 | 50 | 80 | 0.87 | [5] |
| rs17031005(A>G) | 7,256 | 8,760 | 1,481 (0.10) | 1,878 (0.11) | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.078 | 50 | 80 | NA | – | |
aThe ORs and 95% CIs are for the minor allele using the common allele as the reference allele
bPower calculated for an OR of 1.11 at an α level of 0.003, assuming a multiplicative allelic effects model, given the allele frequency and number of type 1 diabetes cases and controls genotyped
cPower calculated for the size of effect detected in type 2 diabetes at an α level of 0.003, assuming a multiplicative allelic effects model, using the number of type 1 diabetes cases and controls genotyped
dThe ORs are those reported in the literature for an association with type 2 diabetes
eNew analyses of previously published data [18, 19] are included for information (ESM Table 3)
CDKN2A–B denotes CDKN2A–CDKN2B