Vascular patterning of the coronaries during mouse embryonic
development. (A,B) PECAM1-positive cells (purple) observed
on the posterior (A) and anterior (B) surface of the heart by E10.5. Some
endothelial cells are present at the atrioventricular junction (arrowhead in
A). (C,D) PECAM1 staining showing nascent coronary vessels on
the posterior (C) and anterior (D) surface of the heart at E11.5. Arrowheads
in C indicate the distal end of the endothelial tubes extending from the
atrioventricular junction to the apical region of the heart.
(E,F) PECAM1 staining of the endothelial network on the
posterior (E) and anterior (F) surface of E12.5 embryonic hearts. By E12.5,
the vascular endothelial network has reached more apically to the
interventricular region of the heart (arrowhead in E). Also, some vessels
appear laterally and begin to extend to the anterior surface of the heart
(arrowhead in F). (G,H) PECAM1 staining showing the pattern of
coronary endothelial cells on the posterior (G) and anterior (H) surface of
the heart at E13.5. More mature coronary vessels are formed on the posterior
surface by E13.5 (arrowhead in G), and some vessels have extended to the
anterolateral surface of the heart (arrowhead in H).