Table 2.
Excess risks of mortality per IQR increase of influenza virus activity during four seasons
| Disease | lag | Total | Autumn | Winter | Spring | Summer | p value ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause | |||||||
| all ages | 1 | 3.5 (2.4,4.6) |
-0.9 (-5.6,4.2) |
3.9 (2.6,5.3) |
3.9 (2.5,5.3) |
2.3 (0.3,4.3) |
<0.001 |
| 65+ | 1 | 4.3 (3.0,5.6) |
-1.4 (-7.0,4.5) |
4.5 (3.0,6.1) |
4.5 (2.9,6.1) |
3.8 (1.4,6.3) |
0.005 |
| CRD | |||||||
| all ages | 2 | 6.5 (4.8,8.2) |
-1.2 (-7.4,5.4) |
8.0 (5.8,10.2) |
6.5 (4.5,8.6) |
3.6 (0.4,7.0) |
<0.001 |
| 65+ | 1 | 6.7 (4.9,8.5) |
-2.0 (-10.0,6.8) |
7.3 (5.2,9.6) |
7.0 (4.7,9.4) |
5.0 (1.5,8.5) |
<0.001 |
| P&I | |||||||
| all ages | 1 | 4.2 (1.5,6.9) |
1.0 (-11.9,15.8) |
4.2 (0.9,7.7) |
3.0 (-0.5,6.5) |
5.8 (0.8,11.0) |
0.224 |
| 65+ | 1 | 4.3 (1.6,7.1) |
0.6 (-12.6,15.8) |
4.1 (0.7,7.6) |
2.8 (-0.7,6.4) |
6.7 (1.6,12.1) |
0.156 |
| COPD | |||||||
| all ages | 2 | 14.9 (11.0,19.0) |
-7.0 (-20.3,8.5) |
18.8 (13.8,24.1) |
14.3 (9.6,19.2) |
9.4 (1.8,17.6) |
<0.001 |
| 65+ | 2 | 13.7 (9.7,17.9) |
-9.0 (-22.6,6.9) |
17.0 (11.9,22.3) |
13.1 (8.3,18.1) |
9.7 (1.7,18.3) |
<0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular | |||||||
| all ages | 1 | 6.3 (3.2,9.5) |
-1.9 (-14.9,13.2) |
5.5 (1.9,9.3) |
8.3 (4.3,12.4) |
6.1 (0.0,12.5) |
0.001 |
| 65+ | 1 | 7.3 (3.9,10.9) |
-3.8 (-17.9,12.7) |
6.2 (2.2,10.4) |
10.4 (5.9,15.0) |
6.6 (-0.1,13.8) |
0.001 |
| IHD | |||||||
| all ages | 0 | 6.0 (3.5,8.6) |
0.9 (-12.3,16.2) |
6.3 (3.4,9.3) |
6.7 (3.3,10.2) |
4.4 (-0.3,9.3) |
0.021 |
| 65+ | 0 | 5.6 (2.9,8.3) |
-2.9 (-16.7,13.2) |
5.8 (2.7,9.1) |
5.9 (2.3,9.7) |
4.4 (-0.7,9.8) |
0.015 |
The 95% confidence intervals of excess risks are shown in brackets.
‡ p value of likelihood ratio tests, indicating significance of seasonal variation