Table 2. Univariable and Multivariable Longitudinal Lag-time Analysis on Sustained Benzodiazepine Use.

		Univariable			Multivariable*
Baseline characteristics		Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P value	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P value
Age	65-74	1.00
	75-84	0.66	(0.42, 1.05)	0.08
	85+	0.37	(0.09, 1.51)	0.17
Gender	Males	1.00			1.00
	Females	4.13	(1.80, 9.46)	0.001	2.57	(1.002, 6.57)	0.049
Education	<High school	1.00
	≥High school	1.87	(1.00, 3.52)	0.051
Number of Depressive Symptoms		1.08	(0.97, 1.21)	0.18
Feel Fearful	No	1.00
	Yes	0.61	(0.05, 7.68)	0.70
Bothered	No	1.00
	Yes	1.25	(0.41, 3.82)	0.69
Total Number of Prescription Drugs	None	1.00			1.00
Excluding Benzodiazepines	1	1.11	(0.34, 3.59)	0.86	1.18	(0.36, 3.84)	0.79
	≥2	4.93	(1.88, 12.92)	0.001	5.20	(1.95, 13.86)	0.001
Self-Rated Health	Fair/Poor	1.00
	Excellent/Good	1.003	(0.57, 1.76)	0.99
Ever Smoked	No	1.00			1.00
	Yes	2.82	(1.49, 5.33)	0.001	3.01	(1.32, 6.85)	0.01
Current Alcohol Consumption	<Once a month	1.00
	≥Once a month	0.72	(0.45, 1.15)	0.17
Difficulty Falling Asleep	Never/Rarely	1.00
	Sometimes/ Usually/Always	1.25	(0.79, 1.97)	0.34
Sleep Continuity Disturbance	Never/Rarely	1.00
	Sometimes/ Usually/Always	0.91	(0.62, 1.31)	0.59
Early Morning Awakening	Never/Rarely	1.00
	Sometimes/Usually/Always	0.93	(0.53, 1.61)	0.79
Excessive Daytime Somnolence	Never/Rarely	1.00
	Sometimes/Usually/Always	0.89	(0.62, 1.27)	0.52
Baseline Benzodiazepine Use *	No	1.00
	Yes	32.23	(17.67, 58.78)	<0.001

^*Baseline benzodiazepine use was not included in the multivariable model selection procedure because of multicollinearity.