Table 3.
Differences between clinicians compared with referral tendency.
| Characteristics | Did not refer (N = 172) | Low frequent referrers * (N = 67) | High frequent referrers ** (N = 40) |
P-value |
| Gender: % women | 134 (77.9%) | 43 (64.2%) | 24 (60.0%) | 0.02 |
| Age, years | 44.0 (10.0) | 44 (10.8) | 47.9 (9.8) | 0.08 |
| Working experience in the addiction field; months | 88.2 (74.4) | 103.0 (87.1) | 94.8 (71.1) | 0.41 |
| Twelve step treatment unit present in the county | 38 (22.1%) | 29 (43.3%) | 29 (72.5%) | <0.001 |
| Personal attitude about TSGs (scale 0 – 10, score 10 is most positive) | 7.3 (1.5) | 8.1 (1.6) | 9.0 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Attitude about TSG subscale items (scale 0 – 10): | ||||
| How helpful are TSGs? | 7.0 (1.9) | 8.0 (1.8) | 9.1 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| How important are TSGs to the recovery process of patients? | 7.1 (1.8) | 8.1 (1.9) | 9.0 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| How important are TSGs in the treatment system? | 6.8 (1.9) | 7.7 (2.0) | 8.7 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Harmfulness of TSGs (scale 0 – 10, score 10 is harmless) | 8.2 (1.7) | 8.6 (1.6) | 9.1 (0.9) | 0.003 |
| Perceived openness to TSGs at workplace (scale 0 – 10) | 7.0 (2.5) | 7.9 (2.3) | 8.7 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Self efficacy to make TSG referrals (scale 0 – 10) | 4.3 (2.5) | 6.2 (2.4) | 7.3 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| TSG knowledge scale score (scale 0 – 14) | 6.8 (2.9) | 8.8 (3.0) | 10.0 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Interest in obtaining additional information about TSGs (scale 0 – 10) | 6.7 (2.7) | 7.1 (2.4) | 8.9 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Integration and use of the 12-steps in daily treatment work (N = 275) | 14 (8.2%) | 23 (34.8%) | 22 (56.4%) | <0.001 |
| Ever attended AA/NA meeting (N = 278) | 40 (23.4%) | 25 (37.3%) | 23 (57.5%) | <0.001 |
N (%) or mean (SD). P-value obtained from ANOVA or Chi-square (N = 279)
* <50% of patients
** >50% of patients