Table 3.
Number of subjects at risk at initial measurements (mean age 4.5 years for preschool and 8.1 years for primary school children) and tracking coefficient for overweight and thinness (sever, moderate, and mild) risk factors, calculated with generalized estimated equation over an 8-year period from November 1996 to May 2003, Ellisras Longitudinal Growth and Health Study
| Malnutrition and gender | Subjects at risk | Odds ratio | p value | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | ||||
| Preschool | |||||
| Overweight | |||||
| Boys | 11 | 3.7 | 1.543 | 0.000 | 1.511-1.578 |
| Girls | 12* | 4.7 | 1.618 | 0.000 | 1.551-1.685 |
| Severe Thinness | |||||
| Boys | 158 | 53.7 | 1.296 | 0.000 | 1.219-1.376 |
| Girls | 123 | 48.4 | 1.322 | 0.000 | 1.232-1.418 |
| Moderate thinness | |||||
| Boys | 43 | 14.6 | 1.267 | 0.000 | 1.208-1.328 |
| Girls | 34 | 13.4 | 1.375 | 0.000 | 1.302-1.455 |
| Mild thinness | |||||
| Boys | 42 | 14.3 | 1.296 | 0.000 | 1.219-1.376 |
| Girls | 32 | 12.6 | 1.322 | 0.000 | 1.232-1.418 |
| Primary school | |||||
| Overweight | |||||
| Boys | 20 | 2.2 | 1.531 | 0.000 | 1.487-1.576 |
| Girls | 24* | 3.1 | 1.848 | 0.000 | 1.749-1.950 |
| Severe thinness | |||||
| Boys | 393 | 43.6 | 1.492 | 0.000 | 1.441-1.545 |
| Girls | 291 | 37.5 | 1.467 | 0.000 | 1.418-1.515 |
| Moderate thinness | |||||
| Boys | 134 | 14.9 | 1.421 | 0.000 | 1.374-1.470 |
| Girls | 95 | 12.2 | 1.385 | 0.000 | 1.340-1.433 |
| Mild thinness | |||||
| Boys | 213 | 23.6 | 1.492 | 0.000 | 1.440-1.545 |
| Girls | 199 | 25.6 | 1.467 | 0.000 | 1.418-1.516 |
*Obese and overweight children were taken together; CI=Confidence interval