Table 1.
Input variables for a cost-effectiveness analysis of a rotavirus vaccination programme in Brazil
| Variable | Baseline estimate | Source of data |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Birth-cohort | 3,471,000 | PAHO, 2004 (13) |
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | ||
| Male | 68. 2 | WHOSIS, 2000 (24) |
| Female | 69.7 | |
| Cumulative risk of events for rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis per 1,000 (<5 years) | ||
| Hospitalization rate | 35 | |
| Ambulatory visit rate | 199.5 | Rheingans et al., 2006 (10) |
| Mortality rate | 0.7 | Rheingans et al., 2006 (10) |
| Direct medical cost of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis per patient (US$)* | ||
| Hospitalized cases | 150.97 | Rheingans et al., 2006 (10) |
| Ambulatory cases | 10.81 | |
| Non-medical direct costs (transport) (US$) | ||
| Hospitalized cases | 1.49 | Rheingans et al., 2006 (10) |
| Ambulatory cases | 0.04 | |
| Indirect costs | ||
| Hospitalized cases | 18.58 | Rheingans et al., 2006 (10) |
| Ambulatory cases | 8.35 | |
| Vaccine | ||
| Coverage | 96% | WHO-UNICEF best estimates, 2003 (29) |
| Efficacy (outpatient visits due to rotavirus) | 85% | Ruiz-Palacios et al., 2006 (27) Salinas et al., 2005 (28) |
| Efficacy (hospitalizations due to rotavirus) | 85% | Ruiz-Palacios et al., 2006 (27) |
| Efficacy (death due to rotavirus) | 85% | Assumes efficacy is same as for hospitalizations (27) |
| Administration cost (US$ per dose) | 0.50 | Author's assumption |
| Vaccine price (US$ per dose) | 7-8 | Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2006 (purchase price) |
*These costs include the direct medical costs of hospitalization, outpatient visits, diagnostic tests, and medication; PAHO=Pan-American Health Organization; UNICEF=United Nations Children's Fund; WHOSIS=World Health Organization Statistical Information System