TABLE 2.
Summary Measures of Adverse Childhood Experience
Characteristic | Emotional Neglect | Parental Intimidation | Parental Violence | Family Turmoil | Financial Need | Composite Adversity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of items | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
Range | 0−18 | 0−12 | 0−7 | 0−6 | 0−6 | 0−31 |
Mean (SD) | 3.9 (4.2) | 2.5 (2.3) | 0.7 (1.0) | 1.0 (1.3) | 0.9 (1.5) | 9.0 (6.8) |
Skewness | 1.1 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.1 |
Coefficient alpha | 0.89 | 0.74 | – | – | – | 0.84 |
Correlations* | ||||||
Age | −0.10 | −0.08 | −0.07 | −0.13 | 0.01 | −0.12 |
Education | −0.19 | 0.00 | −0.20 | −0.04 | −0.04 | −0.16 |
Sex differences | ||||||
t | 0.10 | −0.68 | −2.05 | −2.00 | −2.27 | −1.51 |
df | 251 | 140 | 90.8 | 251 | 251 | 147 |
p |
0.920 | 0.496 | 0.043 | 0.047 | 0.024 | 0.133 |
p <0.05 for correlations with an absolute value of .13 or more based on t-tests with 251 degrees of freedom.
SD: standard deviation.