Table 1. Vertebrate hosts for different species of blood-feeding ectoparasites collected in South-western Spain.
| Species | Mammalian host | Avian host |
| Anopheles algeriensis (Insecta: Culicidae) | Dama dama (1); Bos taurus (1) | |
| Anopheles atroparvus (Insecta: Culicidae) | Bos taurus (3); Oryctolagus cuniculus (1) | |
| Culex modestus (Insecta: Culicidae) | Anas platyrhynchos (2); Anser anser (1); Chen caerulescens (1); Branta canadensis (1); Egretta garzetta (1); Tadorna ferruginea (1); Anas strepera (1); Gallus gallus (1); Ardea cinerea (1); Anas acuta (1); Tadorna tadorna | |
| Culex perexiguus (Insecta: Culicidae) | Rattus norvergicus (1); Canis familiaris (1) | Alectoris rufa (1); Streptopelia decaocto (1) |
| Culex pipiens (Insecta: Culicidae) | Homo sapiens (1); Herpestes ichneumon (1); Felis catus (1); Canis familiaris (2) | Passer domesticus (7); Turdus merula (3); Streptopelia decaocto (3); Galerida cristata (1); Sturnus vulgaris (2); Cairina moschata (1); Grus grus (1); Sylvia melanocephala (1); Alectoris rufa (1) |
| Culex theileri (Insecta: Culicidae) | Bos taurus (8); Cervus elaphus (4); Dama dama (2); Equus caballus (3); Homo sapiens (1); Lepus granatensis (2); Oryctola gus cuniculus (1); Sus scrofa (2) | Bubulcus ibis (1); Meleagris gallopavo (1) |
| Ochlerotatus caspius (Insecta: Culicidae) | Bos taurus (3); Canis familiaris (3); Capra hircus (1); Felis catus (1); Cervus elaphus (1); Equus caballus (2); Oryctolagus cuniculus (2); Ovis aries (2); Sus scrofa (1) | Gallus gallus (4); Podiceps nigricollis (1); Passer domesticus (2); Turdus merula (1); Sturnus vulgaris (1) |
| Culiseta longiareolata (Insecta: Culicidae) | Passer domesticus (2) | |
| Phlebotomus sp. (Insecta: Phlebotominae) | Oryctolagus cuniculus (2) | |
| Culicoides sp. (Insecta: Ceratopogonidae) | Passer domesticus (2) | |
| Dipetalogaster maximus (Insecta: Reduviidae) | Lynx pardinus (2) | |
| Rhipicephalus spp. (Arachnida: Ixodidae) | Mus spretus (1) Canis familiaris (2) |
We isolated either mammalian or avian DNA from arthropod bloodmeals, except for a Culex modestus mosquito that fed on a turtle (Mauremys leprosa, not included because of limitations in table format). Brackets indicate the number of bloodmeals reporting DNA from particular hosts in each vector species.