Numerous studies have now unraveled the role of SIRT1 not only in histone deacetylation, but also in the deacetylation and ADP-ribosylation of proteins involved in cell survival (p53, FOXO), adipogenesis (PPARγ), glucose and lipid metabolism (GDH, IRS2, PGC1-α, UCP2), peripheral insulin resistance (PTP-1B, adiponectin), inflammation and apoptosis (NF-κB) as well as myogenesis (MyoD).