Fig. 4.
Y2H assays of heteromeric claudin interactions. CLDN10 and CLDN18 are with weak binding affinity to CLDN16 and CLDN19, determined by using three reporter genes (HIS3, lacZ, and ADE2) in the yeast NMY51 strain. Shown are plates with selective medium lacking leucine and tryptophan (A) (SD-LW), indicating the transforming of both bait and prey vectors; with SD-LWHA (A), indicating the expression of reporter genes HIS3 and ADE2; and the β-galactosidase assay (B) [A(615) values] for quantification of interaction strength by using reporter gene LacZ.