Table 1.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the subjects (n=35) at baseline.

Age (years)	42.5 ± 8.6
Diabetes duration (years)	26.5 ± 13.4
Male gender - n (%)	13 (37)
White – n (%)	35 (100)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.0 ± 2.3
Hypertension – n (%)	9 (26)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119.5 ± 12.5
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	69.3 ± 6.8
ACEi/ARB – n (%)	13 (37)
A1c (%)	7.4 ± 1.1
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)	181.9 ± 43.5
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	102.6 ± 35.4
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	66.6 ± 16.8
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	55.58 (32.0–116.0)
Creatinine (mg/dl)	1.0 ± 0.2
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)	76.2 ± 22.5
Albuminuria (mg/24 h)	6.9 (0 – 104.0)
Nephropathy (normo-/microalbuminuria)-–n (%)	30 (86)/5 (14)
Retinopathy (normal/non-proliferative/prolifarative) –n (%)	14 (40)/10 (29)/11 (31)
Peripheral neuropathy – n (%)	9 (26)
Cardiovascular disease – n (%)	0 (0)

Data expressed as the mean ± SD, median (minimum - maximum) or number of subjects (%). ACEi = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB = angiotensin receptor blockers and eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study (MDRD) equation.