Table 3.
Opportunity costs of avoided deforestation as presented in UNFCCC report Investment and Financial Flows to Address Climate Change [65,66].
| Main/Direct Drivers | Area of deforestation/degradation [million ha] | Share of total deforested/degraded area [%] | Opportunity cost of forest conversion [US$/km2] |
| Commercial agriculture | |||
| Commercial crops | 2.6 | 20% | 224,700 |
| Cattle ranching (large-scale) | 1.6 | 12% | 49,800 |
| Subsistence farming | |||
| Small scale agriculture/shifting cultivation | 5.5 | 42% | 39,200 |
| Fuel-wood and NTFP* gathering | 0.75 | 6% | 26,300 |
| Wood extraction | |||
| Commercial (legal and illegal) | 1.8 | 14% | 175,100 |
| Fuel-wood/charcoal (traded) | 0.7 | 5% | 12,300 |
| Total | 12.9 | 100% | - |
* NTFP are non-timber forest products.