TABLE 1.

States That Allow Compensation of Incarcerated Research Participants

State	Research Guidelines	Comments
Alabamaa	Alabama Department of Corrections, administrative regulation 02013	Administrative regulation does not discuss compensation; no strict guidelines on amount or manner of compensation.
Alaskab	State of Alaska Department of Corrections, management information and research: research activities14	“Prisoners or offenders shall not receive payment of any kind in connection with a research study without the written permission of the Commissioner. Such payments shall be consistent with the legal guidelines relating to work programs conducted by the Department.”
Arizonab	Arizona Department of Corrections, department order 20315	“Researchers may pay inmates for participating in research projects.”
Arkansasc	State of Arkansas Board of Corrections, administrative regulations: research and experimentation16	Administrative regulation does not discuss compensation; no strict guidelines for amount or manner of compensation; proposals must be evaluated by management.
Californiabc	State of California, California Code of Regulations: crime prevention and corrections17	According to regulation, researchers must provide DOC with a study proposal that includes “[a]n estimate of the inmate/parolee subjects' time needed for the project and a plan for the compensation of the inmates/parolees.” The compensation amount is set at the discretion of the warden; payment is deposited into inmates' canteen account.
Coloradoa	Colorado Department of Corrections, administrative regulation number 1400-03: research and reporting—conduct and dissemination of research and evaluation studies18	Administrative regulation does not discuss compensation; payment is deposited into inmates' canteen account.
Delawarec	State of Delaware Department of Correction, policy manual: planning, information systems, evaluation and research19	State is in the process of making policy manual available online; payment is deposited into inmates' canteen account.
Hawaiia	No written guidelines	Payment is deposited into inmates' canteen account.
Illinoisa	Illinois Joint Committee on Administrative Rules, administrative code title 20: research and evaluation20	Administrative code does not discuss compensation; compensation decisions made on a case-by-case basis.
Iowaac	State of Iowa Department of Corrections, policy and procedures: information systems/research21	“No offender will receive compensation, remuneration, or payment of any kind in connection with a research study.” Compensation may be rarely considered on a case-by-case basis (e.g., with soon-to-be-released prisoners to encourage cooperation in a research study that begins while participants are incarcerated).
Kansasc	Kansas Department of Corrections, internal management policy and procedures22	Management policy and procedures do not discuss compensation (policy found in internal document); funds are put into inmates' trust account.
Kentuckya	No written guidelines	Written policy is not available; all decisions are made on a case-by-case basis and must be approved by warden; payment is deposited into inmates' canteen account.
Marylanda	No written guidelines	No restrictions are included in statute about payment to inmate research participants indicating that compensation is allowed.
Massachusettsb	Massachusetts Department of Correction, code of regulations: conduct of outside social science research23	“No inmate who is a research subject shall receive compensation, remuneration, or payment of any kind in connection with a research study without the express permission of the Superintendent of the institution. Such payments, if approved, should be consistent with the legal guidelines relating to work research and inmate work programs conducted by the Department.”
Missouric	No written guidelines	Written policy is not available; compensation decisions are made on a case-by-case basis; payment is deposited into inmates' commissary account.
Oregonc	Oregon Department of Corrections, administrative rules: research proposals24	Administrative rules do not discuss compensation.
Pennsylvaniab	Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, policy statement: research activities25	“Researchers are not to provide compensation or other rewards to an inmate for his/her participation in research, unless special permission is granted by the RRC (Research Review Committee).”
Rhode Islanda	No written guidelines	Compensation decisions are made on a case-by-case basis.
Vermonta	No written guidelines	There are no restrictions or regulations regarding compensation in statute of State Agency of Health and Human Services.
Wisconsina	State of Wisconsin Department of Corrections, executive directive 36: research program procedures26	“The RRC [Research Review Committee] will approve research involving offenders as subjects only if it finds that … possible advantages accrued to the offender through participation in the research, when compared with the general living condition, medical care, quality of food, amenities, and opportunity for earnings in the prison, are not of such a magnitude that his or her ability to weigh the risks of the research against the value of such advantages in the environment of the prison is impaired … [m]oney put in canteen account.”
Wyominga	No written guidelines	Compensation decisions are made on a case-by-case basis; Wyoming DOC must also be compensated for research done with its inmates; money is placed in institutional trust account.

Note. DOC=department of corrections.

^aInformation collected via email.

^bInformation collected via state Web site.

^cInformation collected by telephone.