TABLE 2.

States and Jurisdictions That Do Not Allow Compensation of Incarcerated Research Participants

State or Jurisdiction	Research Guidelines	Comments
Connecticutb	State of Connecticut Department of Corrections, administrative directive 1.7, section 1227	“Inmate Compensation: An inmate shall not be individually compensated for participating in any research project.”
District of Columbiab	District of Columbia Department of Corrections, program statement: management controls—research activity28	“Incentives may not be offered to help persuade inmate subjects to participate. Reasonable accommodations such as nominal monetary recompense for time and effort may be offered to individuals who are no longer confined in DOC custody and who are participating in authorized research being conducted by DOC employees or contractors (for example, if study of recidivism).”
Federal Bureau of Prisonsb	Federal Bureau of Prisons, program statement number 1070.07: research29	“Incentives may not be offered to help persuade inmate subjects to participate. However, soft drinks and snacks to be consumed at the test setting may be offered.”
Floridac	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
Georgiaa	State of Georgia, Georgia code 42-1-5: use of inmate for private gain30	DOC interprets Georgia code 42-1-5(b) to prohibit payment. According to this code: “It shall be unlawful for a custodian of an inmate of a penal institution to use such inmate or allow such inmate to be used for any purpose resulting in private gain to any individual.”
Indianaa	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
Mainec	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
Michiganab	Michigan Department of Corrections, policy directive: research involving corrections facilities or offenders31	Policy directive does not specifically discuss compensation but states that “[c]oercion of any sort shall not be allowed.”
Minnesotac	Minnesota Department of Corrections, policy 102.100: research32	Research policy does not discuss compensation.
Mississippia	Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC), research protocol SOP 10-0433	“MDOC staff and inmates engaged in any research activities are not entitled to gratuities or compensation of any kind.”
Montanab	State of Montana Department of Corrections, policy directive number DOC 1.6.4: offender participation in research projects34	“Offenders will not be compensated, remunerated, or paid in connection with any Department approved research projects.”
Nebraskac	Nebraska Correctional Services, administrative regulation 103.01: research35	Administrative regulation does not discuss compensation.
New Hampshirec	New Hampshire Department of Corrections, policy and procedure directive: research and external application procedures36	Policy and procedure directive does not discuss compensation.
New Jerseyb	State of New Jersey, administrative code: general research provisions37	“Inmates shall not be permitted to receive compensation of any kind for their research participation from any agency or entity conducting a research project.”
New Yorkb	State of New York Department of Correctional Services, Directive 0403: research studies and surveys38	“No employee of the Department or inmate shall receive compensation, remuneration, or payment of any kind for participation in the research study.”
North Carolinaa	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
North Dakotaa	North Dakota Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, policies and procedures manual: program information and research activities39	“No inmate shall receive compensation, remuneration or payment of any kind in connection with a research study.”
Ohiob	State of Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, human subjects research policy 06-RES-0240	“Payment of any kind to inmates for their participation in research projects is not permitted.”
Oklahomaa	Oklahoma Department of Corrections, procedures regulating research41	Procedures document does not discuss compensation.
South Carolinab	South Carolina Department of Corrections, research conducted within the SCDC42	“Under no circumstance will inmates be monetarily reimbursed or provided any type of financial incentive for their participation in any research project.”
South Dakotac	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
Tennesseeb	State of Tennessee Department of Correction, administrative policies and procedures: research projects43	“Required components of informed consent include … [a]cknowledgment that no compensation of money or goods will be made to participants.”
Texasb	Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ), administrative directive AD-02.28: agency research44	Administrative directive does not discuss compensation. According to policy (available on DOC Web site): “Neither compensation nor incentives are allowed for participating in a research project. This policy applies to both offenders and staff of TDCJ. The informed consent submitted by the Principal Investigator must include this stipulation.”45
Utahc	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.
Virginiac	Commonwealth of Virginia Board of Corrections, regulations for human subjects research46	Regulations do not discuss compensation.
Washingtonb	State of Washington Department of Corrections, policy DOC 260.050: research review and use47	“Offenders may volunteer for participation… . There will not be any reward, favor, reduction of time, or any other benefit, either written or implied, for participation in research by staff or offenders under the legal jurisdiction of the Department.”
West Virginiac	No written guidelines	Compensation not permitted.

Note. DOC=department of corrections.

^aInformation collected by email.

^bInformation collected via state Web site.

^cInformation collected via telephone.