Table 4.
Gender differences in 25(OH)D levels explained by variance components models (ACE)
| ICC (95% CI)
|
Variance components
|
Model comparison
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MZ | DZ | A | C | E | X2 | P value | AIC(X2−2) | |
| Overall | 0.87 (0.81–0.94) | 0.70 (0.59–0.87) | ||||||
| ACE modela | 36.5 (14.2–68.9) | 51.0 (18.8–71.7) | 12.5 (8.2–19.4) | − | − | − | ||
| ACE modelb | 68.9 (25.9–79.3) | 0 (0–35.4) | 31.1 (20.7–48.0) | 109.86 | <0.0001 | 107.86 | ||
| Malec | 0.95 (0.92–0.99) | 0.59 (0.41–1.00) | ||||||
| ACE model | 85.9 (62.3–92.8) | 0 (0–20.9) | 14.1 (7.2–30.9) | − | − | − | ||
| AE modeld | 85.9 (62.3–92.8) | − | 14.1 (7.2–30.9) | 0 | − | −2.00 | ||
| CE model | − | 41.7 (16.3–62.0) | 58.2 (38.0–83.7) | 16.15 | <0.0001 | 14.15 | ||
| Femalec | 0.77 (0.65–0.94) | 0.76 (0.62–0.97) | ||||||
| ACE model | 17.6 (0–73.1) | 38.2 (0–67.9) | 44.2 (25.4–70.1) | − | − | − | ||
| AE model | 59.3 (34.2–75.6) | − | 40.7 (24.4–65.8) | 1.30 | 0.26 | −0.70 | ||
| CE modeld | − | 51.4 (29.2–68.3) | 48.6 (31.7–70.8) | 0.24 | 0.63 | −1.76 | ||
ACE model: A = % variance explained by genetics; C = % variance explained by shared environment; E = % variance explained by unique environment.
a
Adjusted for age.
b
Adjusted for age, gender, physical activity, student status, and season.
c
Adjusted for age, physical activity, student status, and season.
d
Best-fitting model.