TABLE 2. Comparison of Clinical Signs and Symptoms in Subjects With and Without Visual Hallucinations.
VH-Negative (n = 121) | VH-Positive (n = 27) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Individual Symptoms | n (%) | n (%) | p |
Parkinsonism: | |||
Asymmetrical tremor | 11 (9.1%) | 6 (22.0%) | 0.09 |
Rigidity | 11 (9.1%) | 6 (22.0%) | 0.09 |
Bradykinesia | 16 (13.2%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.76 |
Postural or gait disturbance | 24 (19.8%) | 11 (40.7%) | 0.04 |
Masked facies | 8 (6.6%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.23 |
Shuffling gait | 13 (10.7%) | 6 (22.2%) | 0.12 |
Multiple falls | 25 (20.7%) | 10 (37.0%) | 0.08 |
Neuropsychiatric: | |||
Delusions | 48 (39.7%) | 19 (70.4%) | 0.005 |
Agitation or aggression | 68 (56.2%) | 22 (81.5%) | 0.02 |
Depression or dysphoria | 73 (60.3%) | 19 (70.4%) | 0.39 |
Anxiety | 71 (58.7%) | 19 (70.4%) | 0.29 |
Elation or euphoria | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
Apathy or indifference | 70 (57.9%) | 23 (85.2%) | 0.008 |
Disinhibition | 14 (11.6%) | 6 (22.2%) | 0.21 |
Irritability | 61 (50.4%) | 12 (44.4%) | 0.67 |
Lability | 43 (35.5%) | 10 (37.0%) | 1.000 |
Aberrant motor behavior | 65 (53.7%) | 18 (66.7%) | 0.29 |
Pacing | 31 (25.6%) | 12 (44.4%) | 0.06 |
All p < 0.01 are in bold, tests based on Fisher’s exact method for 2 × 2 tables.
VH: visual hallucination.