Table 2.
Mean difference between the average distance from the best estimate of landmark position of automated and manual landmarking, standard deviation (SD) (expressed in mm), and results of 1-way ANOVA test. NS indicates no statistically significant difference and the number of asterisks (∗) the level of significance.
| Landmark coordinates | Mean difference | Standard deviation (SD) | F-value | P-value (ANOVA) | S | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasion | X | 0.217 | ±0.441 | 5.076 | .027 | ∗ |
| Y | 0.483 | ±0.442 | 16.229 | .000 | ∗ ∗ | |
| A point | X | 0.596 | ±0.312 | 46.633 | .000 | ∗∗ ∗ |
| Y | 0.101 | ±0.282 | 0.484 | .489 | NS | |
| Basion | X | 0.181 | ±0.197 | 2.160 | .146 | NS |
| Y | 0.225 | ±0.112 | 2.538 | .115 | NS | |
| Porion | X | 0.003 | ±0.145 | 0.000 | .986 | NS |
| Y | 0.538 | ±0.257 | 24.051 | .000 | ∗∗ ∗ | |
| Pterygoid point | X | 0.157 | ±0.296 | 1.786 | .185 | NS |
| Y | 0.022 | ±0.033 | 0.0298 | .863 | NS | |
| B point | X | 0.161 | ±0.130 | 6.846 | .011 | ∗ |
| Y | 0.285 | ±0.402 | 2.762 | .101 | NS | |
| Pogonion | X | 0.038 | ±0.338 | 0.238 | .627 | NS |
| Y | 0.166 | ±0.033 | 1.385 | .243 | NS | |
| Protuberance Menti | X | 0.038 | ±0.226 | 0.314 | .577 | NS |
| Y | 0.245 | ±0.139 | 2.457 | .121 | NS | |
| Upper incisor edge | X | 0.172 | ±0.030 | 4.712 | .033 | ∗ |
| Y | 0.100 | ±0.371 | 0.283 | .596 | NS | |
| Lower incisor edge | X | 0.226 | ±0.226 | 4.582 | .035 | ∗ |
| Y | 0.283 | ±0.089 | 3.796 | .055 | NS | |
*Significance level .05.
**Significance level .01.
***Significance level .001.