Table 1.

Clinical diagnostic criteria for autoimmune pancreatitis 2006[4]

Clinical diagnostic criteria
1 Diffuse or segmental narrowing of the main pancreatic duct with irregular wall and diffuse or localized enlargement of the pancreas by imaging studies, such as abdominal ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
2 High serum γ-globulin, IgG or IgG4, or the presence of autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor
3 Marked inter-lobular fibrosis and prominent infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the peri-ductal area, occasionally with lymphoid follicles in the pancreas

For diagnosis, criterion 1 must be present, together with criterion 2 and/or criterion 3. Diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis is established when criterion 1, together with criterion 2 and/or criterion 3, are fulfilled. However, it is necessary to exclude malignant diseases such as pancreatic or biliary cancers.