Table 4.
Results of comparing growth curve models: -2LL (df).
| Variable and modela | Verbal | Spatial | Memory | Speed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complexity with Data | ||||
| 1: No group differences | 4025 (669) | 4344 (678) | 4623 (665) | 4463 (683) |
| 2: Group differences in I | 4021 (667) | 4343 (676) | 4622 (663) | 4460 (681) |
| 3: Group differences in I & P | 4017 (665) | 4343 (674) | 4618 (661) | 4460 (679) |
| 4: Group differences in I & P & S1 | 4015 (663) | 4341 (672) | 4614 (659) | 4460 (677) |
| 5: Group differences in I & P & S2 | 4014 (663) | 4343 (672) | 4614 (659) | 4460 (677) |
| 6: Group differences in I & P & S1 & S2 | 4013 (661) | 4341 (670) | 4614 (657) | 4459 (675) |
| Complexity with People | ||||
| 1: No group differences | 4025 (669) | 4344 (678) | 4623 (665) | 4463 (683) |
| 2: Group differences in I | 4025 (667) | 4337 (676)b | 4619 (663) | 4456 (681)b |
| 3: Group differences in I & P | 4020 (665) | 4331 (674)c | 4618 (661) | 4455 (679) |
| 4: Group differences in I & P & S1 | 4013 (663)d | 4331 (672) | 4615 (659) | 4452 (677) |
| 5: Group differences in I & P & S2 | 4018 (663) | 4324 (672)d | 4615 (659) | 4454 (677) |
| 6: Group differences in I & P & S1 & S2 | 4010 (661) | 4324 (670) | 4612 (657) | 4452 (675) |
a
Model fitting is described in the text: I = Intercept, P = Practice, S1 = Slope 1, S2 = Slope 2
b
Model fit is significantly different from model 1 at p < .05.
c
Model fit is significantly different from model 2 at p < .05.
d
Model fit is significantly different from model 3 at p < .05.
Note: -2LL is the log likelihood indicator of model fit. Education was included as a covariate in all models.