Table 2.
Estimated meana (and 95% CIb) intake of added sugar (tsp/day) by demographic characteristics: NHANESc 2003–04 and NHISd 2005
| Demographic characteristic |
Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHANES 2003– 04 (24HR) |
NHIS 2005 (Screener) |
NHANES 2003– 04 (24HR) |
NHIS 2005 (Screener) |
|||||
| n | LS Mean (95% CI) |
n | LS Mean (95% CI) |
n | LS Mean (95% CI) |
n | LS Mean (95% CI) |
|
| All subjects ≥ 18 y |
2191 | 19.7 (18.6–20.8) |
9121 | 18.8 (18.6–19.0) |
2379 | 14.3 (13.5–15.1) |
11562 | 12.7 (12.6–12.9) |
| Age (y) | ||||||||
| 18–39 | 871 | 25.7 (23.2–28.4) |
3473 | 22.6 (22.2–23.1) |
1019 | 17.9 (16.5–19.5) |
4365 | 14.9 (14.6–15.2) |
| 40–59 | 580 | 19.0 (17.2–20.9) |
3522 | 17.8 (17.5–18.1) |
583 | 13.8 (12.3–15.3) |
4234 | 12.2 (12.0–12.4) |
| ≥60 | 740 | 11.8 (10.9–12.8) |
2126 | 13.9 (13.5–14.2) |
777 | 10.1 (9.3–10.9) |
2963 | 10.1 (9.9–10.3) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.0000 | <0.0001 | 0.0000 | <0.0001 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.0000 | <0.0001 | 0.0000 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White |
1176 | 20.3 (18.8–21.9) |
6798 | 18.8 (18.5–19.1) |
1263 | 14.2 (13.3–15.2) |
8310 | 12.5 (12.4–12.7) |
| Non-Hispanic Black |
480 | 18.8 (16.6–21.2) |
1196 | 19.7 (19.0–20.5) |
530 | 16.4 (14.3–18.6) |
1843 | 14.2 (13.8–14.6) |
| Hispanic | 535 | 18.6 (15.9–21.5) |
1127 | 18.1 (17.3–18.9) |
586 | 11.7 (10.6–12.8) |
1409 | 12.6 (12.2–13.0) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.5812 | 0.0158 | 0.0023 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Education completed | ||||||||
| < HS grad | 672 | 20.1 (18.3–22.1) |
1499 | 20.9 (20.0–21.7) |
730 | 13.5 (12.1–14.9) |
1877 | 13.8 (13.3–14.3) |
| HS grad | 572 | 22.3 (20.2–24.6) |
2536 | 20.5 (20.0–21.0) |
587 | 16.1 (14.1–18.3) |
3245 | 13.5 (13.2–13.7) |
| > HS grad | 947 | 18.7 (17.5–20.0) |
5086 | 17.5 (17.2–17.8) |
1062 | 13.6 (12.8–14.4) |
6440 | 12.1 (12.0–12.3) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.0172 | <0.0001 | 0.0597 | <0.0001 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.2746 | <0.0001 | 0.9268 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Family income (as percentage of poverty level) | ||||||||
| < 125% | 591 | 21.4 (19.4–23.6) |
1424 | 20.4 (19.7–21.1) |
761 | 16.3 (15.1–17.6) |
2548 | 14.0 (13.6–14.4) |
| 125% – 349% | 908 | 20.1 (17.9–22.4) |
3442 | 19.2 (18.8–19.6) |
948 | 14.2 (13.2–15.3) |
4561 | 13.1 (12.9–13.3) |
| > 349% | 692 | 18.8 (17.8–19.8) |
4255 | 18.2 (17.8–18.5) |
670 | 13.2 (12.0–14.5) |
4453 | 12.0 (11.8–12.2) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.1039 | <0.0001 | 0.0055 | <0.0001 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.0371 | <0.0001 | 0.0031 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Race/ethnicity * Education | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White, < HS |
197 | 21.2 (18.6–24.0) |
721 | 21.0 (20.0–22.0) |
227 | 13.0 (11.4–14.8) |
904 | 13.7 (13.1–14.3) |
| Non-Hispanic White, HS |
344 | 23.2 (20.0–26.7) |
1883 | 20.5 (20.0–21.1) |
345 | 16.3 (14.2–18.6) |
2347 | 13.2 (12.9–13.5) |
| Non-Hispanic White, > HS |
635 | 18.6 (17.0–20.3) |
4194 | 17.4 (17.1–17.7) |
691 | 13.7 (12.6–14.9) |
5059 | 11.9 (11.7–12.1) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.0379 | <0.0001 | 0.0745 | <0.0001 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.1470 | <0.0001 | 0.5023 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Black, < HS |
174 | 16.5 (13.1–20.4) |
291 | 20.9 (19.6–22.3) |
175 | 16.6 (13.4–20.2) |
394 | 15.0 (14.0–16.1) |
| Non-Hispanic Black, HS |
112 | 20.0 (15.9–24.7) |
390 | 21.1 (19.9–22.4) |
130 | 17.9 (14.0–22.4) |
542 | 15.1 (14.4–15.8) |
| Non-Hispanic Black, > HS |
194 | 19.0 (16.3–22.0) |
515 | 18.8 (17.7–19.9) |
225 | 15.6 (13.4–18.0) |
907 | 13.6 (13.1–14.1) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.4058 | 0.0051 | 0.4002 | 0.0003 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.3536 | 0.0118 | 0.6268 | 0.0167 | ||||
| Hispanic, < HS |
301 | 17.3 (14.9–19.8) |
487 | 19.7 (18.7–20.8) |
328 | 13.3 (11.2–15.7) |
579 | 13.0 (12.4–13.6) |
| Hispanic, HS | 116 | 18.9 (14.5–24.1) |
263 | 19.7 (18.5–20.9) |
112 | 13.1 (9.8–17.0) |
356 | 13.7 (12.9–14.4) |
| Hispanic, > HS |
118 | 18.8 (16.0–22.0) |
377 | 16.9 (15.7–18.1) |
146 | 10.6 (9.0–12.4) |
474 | 12.1 (11.5–12.6) |
| p-value for general heterogeneity |
0.7285 | 0.0004 | 0.1606 | 0.0035 | ||||
| p-value for trend |
0.4652 | 0.0002 | 0.0679 | 0.0303 | ||||
| p-value for interaction |
0.3280 | 0.6440 | 0.3572 | 0.3421 | ||||
a
using multiple regression model with age, race/ethnicity, educational status, family income (as percentage of poverty level), and race/ethnicity x educational status. Analyses were conducted on the transformed scale and back-transformed for presentation.
b
CI=confidence interval.
c
NHANES=National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
d
NHIS=National Health Interview Survey.