Table 1.
Isolations, identifications and characterizations of dinucleoside polyphosphates in human tissues and their receptor-mediated vascular effects
| Compound | Isolation from human tissue | Known vascular effects and receptor type involved (in brackets) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ap2A | Myocardium Platelets Placenta Adrenal glands | Vasodilation (A2) and vasoconstriction (A1) in coronary arteries and renal vessels Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Hoyle et al. (1996); van der Giet et al. (1997a); Luo et al. (1999a); Jankowski et al. (2001a,b,c; 2003b;) |
| Ap2G | Platelets | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Jankowski et al. (2001a) |
| Gp2G | Platelets | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Jankowski et al. (2001a) |
| Ap3A | Myocardium Platelets Placenta Adrenal glands Plasma Proximal tubule Epithelial cells | Vasodilation (P2Y and A2) and vasoconstriction (A1 and P2X) in coronary arteries, renal vessels and mesenteric vessels Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Lüthje and Ogilvie (1983); Ogilvie and Jakob (1983); Schlüter et al. (1994); van der Giet et al. (1997a); Luo et al. (1999a); Jankowski et al. (2001a,b,c; 2003a,b; 2007a;) |
| Ap3G | Platelets | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998) |
| Gp3G | Platelets | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998) |
| Ap4A | Adrenal gland Plasma Platelets Brain Proximal tubule epithelial cells | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X, A1) and mesenteric vessels (P2X) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Ogilvie et al. (1989); Pintor et al. (1992a); van der Giet et al. (1997a; 1998;); Jankowski et al. (2001a,b; 2003a,b;) |
| Ap4G | Platelets | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998) |
| Gp4G | Platelets | Vasoconstriction of renal vessels (P2X) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998) |
| Ap5A | Adrenal glands Plasma Platelets Placenta Brain Proximal tubule epithelial cells | Proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) and coronary arteries (P2X) Vasodilation in coronary arteries (P2Y) | Pintor et al. (1992a); Schlüter et al. (1994); van der Giet et al. (1997a; 1999; 2001; 2002;); Jovanovic et al. (1998); Jankowski et al. (2001a,b,c; 2003a,b; 2007a;); |
| Ap5G | Platelets | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) and coronary arteries (P2X) Vasodilation in coronary arteries (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998); van der Giet et al. (2001; 2002;) |
| Gp5G | Platelets | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998); van der Giet et al. (2001; 2002;) |
| Ap6A | Adrenals Plasma Platelets Red blood cells Placenta Proximal tubule epithelial cells | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) and coronary arteries (P2X) Vasodilation in coronary arteries (P2Y) | Pintor et al. (1992b); Schlüter et al. (1994); van der Giet et al. (1997a; 1998; 2001; 2002;); Jankowski et al. (2001a,b.c; 2003a.b; 2007a) |
| Ap6G | Platelets | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) and coronary vessels (P2X) Vasodilation in coronary arteries (P2Y) Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998); van der Giet et al. (2001; 2002;) |
| Gp6G | Platelets | Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (P2Y) | Schlüter et al. (1998); van der Giet et al. (2001; 2002;) |
| Ap7A | Platelets | Vasoconstriction in renal vessels (P2X) | Jankowski et al. (1999) |
| Up4A | Endothelial cells Tubule cells | Vasoconstriction and proliferation | Jankowski et al. (2005; 2007b; 2008;); Gui et al. (2008) |