. 2009 Oct;139(10):1908–1913. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.108225

TABLE 1.

Bone characteristics of SHAM-operated and OVX rats fed diets containing various levels of equol¹

	Treatments
	SHAM	OVX-0	OVX-50	OVX-100	OVX-200
Femur
Bone density,²g/cm³	1.56 ± 0.030^a	1.51 ± 0.030^b	1.50 ± 0.040^b	1.50 ± 0.030^b	1.52 ± 0.030^b
Tibia
Bone density,²g/cm³	1.50 ± 0.040^a	1.48 ± 0.030^ab	1.46 ± 0.030^b	1.46 ± 0.050^ab	1.48 ± 0.030^ab
Distal femur, pQCT
Total BMC, mmol Ca/g body wt	0.414 ± 0.082^a	0.337 ± 0.051^b	0.307 ± 0.025^b	0.319 ± 0.042^b	0.321 ± 0.041^b
Trabecular BMD, mg/cm³	558 ± 51.0^a	448 ± 60.0^b	410 ± 43.0^b	414 ± 36.0^b	425 ± 55.0^b
Distal femur,³μCT
Bone volume/tissue volume	0.250 ± 1.00^a	0.080 ± 0.030^b			0.090 ± 0.050^b
Trabecular connectivity density, 1/mm³	78.0 ± 19.0^a	19.0 ± 11.0^b			24.0 ± 16.0^b
Trabecular number, 1/mm	4.28 ± 0.550^a	2.39 ± 0.390^b			2.61 ± 0.520^b
Proximal femur, pQCT
Trabecular BMD, mg/cm³	543 ± 65.0^a	481 ± 36.0^b	454 ± 46.0^b	466 ± 54.0^b	486 ± 45.0^b
Proximal tibia, pQCT
Total BMC, mmol Ca/g body wt	0.270 ± 0.033^a	0.255 ± 0.035^b	0.255 ± 0.038^b	0.263 ± 0.087^b	0.230 ± 0.025^b
Trabecular BMD, mg/cm³	652 ± 48.0^a	609 ± 43.0^b	554 ± 30.0^c	559 ± 31.0^c	578 ± 49.0^c

Values are means ± SD, n = 15–16. Means without a common letter differ, P < 0.05.

Bone density was calculated by underwater weighing.

μCT measurements were only performed on SHAM, OVX-0 ppm, and OVX-200 ppm equol groups, n = 8.