Table 2.
Immunolocalization of Kim-1, RPA-1, RPA-2, iNOS, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Gen-, Hg-, or Cr-treated rats (time response study).
| Treatmenta (mg/kg) |
Timeb (hr) |
Renal lesions scores |
Apoptosis and related markers in S1-S3 segments |
Immunolocalization of Kim-1, RPA-1, and RPA-2 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apo | NT | iNOS | Kim-1 | RPA-1 (CD) | RPA-1 | RPA-2 (LH) | RPA-2 | |||
| Saline, sc | 24 | 0 | — | — | — | — | Positive | — | Positive | — |
| Gen 100, sc | 24 | 1.5* | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ (S1-S3) | Positive | — | Positive | ++ (S1-S3) |
| Gen 100, sc | 72 | 3.3* | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ (S1-S3) | Positive | +++ (S1-S3) | Positive | +++ (S1-S3) |
| Hg 0.25, iv | 24 | 3.0* | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ (S3) | Positive | ++ (S3) | Positive | ++ (S3) |
| Hg 0.25, iv | 72 | 3.8* | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ (S3) | Positive | + (S3) | Positive | +++ (S3) |
| Cr 5, sc | 24 | 2.8* | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ (S1-S3) | Positive | + (S1-S3) | Positive | ++ (S1-S3) |
| Cr 5, sc | 72 | 4.8* | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ (S1-S3) | Positive | +++ (S1-S3) | Positive | +++ (S1-S3) |
IHC keys: −, +, ++, and +++ represent no positive reaction, weak, moderate, and strong positive reaction, respectively. Apo = apoptosis; NT = nitrotyrosine; iNOS = inducible nitric oxide synthase; Kim-1 = kidney injury molecule-1; RPA = renal papillary antigen; CD = collecting ducts; LH = loops of Henle.
Statistically significantly different when compared with rats treated with saline (p < .05).
Treatments: Rats received Gen (100 mg/kg, sc) injected daily for 3 days, or a single injection of mercury (Hg) (0.25 mg/kg, iv) or chromium (Cr) (5 mg/kg, sc).
Rats were euthanized and tissues examined 24 hours or 72 hours after the third injection of Gen or the single injection of Hg or Cr.