Table 2.

A schematic representing the items presented in Studies 1 and 3. In the learning phase participants were introduced to two characters (and their siblings in the case of Study 3).Participants were then asked which of the two characters (or their siblings in Study 3) would perform a different intentional good or bad action in the Test Phase. We have also listed the predicted response used to conduct analyses. The types of items with asterisks were included in Study 2.

Learning Phase	Test Phase (Who would perform an…?)	Predicted Response
*Intentional Good vs. Intentional Bad	Intentional Good Action	Intentional Good
*Intentional Good vs. Intentional Bad	Intentional Bad Action	Intentional Bad
*Lucky vs. Unlucky	Intentional Good Action	Lucky
*Lucky vs. Unlucky	Intentional Bad Action	Unlucky
Intentional Good vs. Lucky	Intentional Good Action	Intentional Good
Intentional Good vs. Lucky	Intentional Bad Action	Lucky
Unlucky vs. Intentional Bad	Intentional Good Action	Unlucky
Unlucky vs. Intentional Bad	Intentional Bad Action	Intentional Bad