Table 2.
Comparison of Ca2+ handling properties of E-C coupling in the developed model and experiments
| Magnitude | Simulated value | Experimental value |
| Diastolic [Ca2+]i (μM) | 0.10 | 0.100 ± 0.012 [66]; 0.099 ± 0.011 [21]; 0.200 ± 0.021 [20] |
| Systolic [Ca2+]i (μM) | 0.46 | 0.458 ± 0.073 [66]; 0.314 ± 0.028 [21]; 0.425 ± 0.026 [20] |
| Decay constant of Ca2+ transient (ms) | 190 | 166 ± 12 (0.25 Hz) [66]; 293 ± 19 [20]; 188 ± 14 (0.5 Hz) [19]; 210 (0.5 Hz) [2] |
| ∫ICa, L dt (μM) | 1.0 | 1.5 [22] |
| Maximum JREL (μmol/Lcytosol/ms) | 2.2 | 3 (rat) [72,81] |
| Diastolic SR Ca2+ content (μM) | 92 | 142 ± 9 [20]; 102 (0.5 Hz) [19]; 64.3 ± 13.0 (0.5 Hz) [73] |
| Fractional release (%) | 28 | 29 ± 3 [20] |
| SERCA Ca2+ removal fraction (%) | 89 | 88 [20]; 90.3 (0.5 Hz) [19]; 88 (0.5 Hz) [73] |
| NCX Ca2+ removal fraction (%) | 10 | 12 [20]; 9.2 (0.5 Hz) [19]; 12 (0.5 Hz) [73] |
| Slow Ca2+ removal fraction (%) | 0.56 | 0.5 (0.5 Hz) [19] |
| FDAR (τ1 Hz/τ4 Hz) | 2.36 | 2.06 ± 0.08 (τ0.5 Hz/τ4 Hz) [20]; 1.87 ± 0.06 (τ1 Hz/τ5 Hz) [74] |
Simulation results are shown for 1 Hz pacing steady-state. All concentrations are in cytosol volume.