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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 17.
Published in final edited form as: Atherosclerosis. 2007 Apr 6;195(1):e65–e75. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.02.032

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Percentage LDH enzyme activity as a measure of cytotoxicity. VSMC supernatants were assayed for LDH enzyme activity as a measure of cell death after incubation with DMSO as a control (C), wortmannin (W), PD98059 (PD), or in high (2mM) phosphate medium with (Pi+I) or without insulin (Pi) or insulin and wortmannin (Pi+I+W). The control treated cells had 1.42% ±0.12 cytotoxicity. All other treatment groups were not significantly different from control.