Table 3 .
Time-lagged associations of childhood adversities, parental history of mental disorders, and respondent personality with the subsequent first onset of GAD and MDE in the NCS-2 panel sample (n=5001)1
| GAD | MDE | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
| I. Childhood adversities | ||||
| Neglect | 1.7* | (1.3–2.0) | 1.8* | (1.5–2.1) |
| Physical abuse | 1.8* | (1.4–2.4) | 2.2* | (1.8–2.7) |
| Sexual abuse | 1.6* | (1.1–2.2) | 1.8* | (1.3–2.5) |
| Death of parent | 1.1 | (0.7–1.8) | 1.1 | (0.7–1.6) |
| Divorce of parents | 1.4* | (1.1–1.8) | 1.4* | (1.2–1.7) |
| Other long-term separation | 1.3 | (0.7–2.1) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.6) |
| II. Parental history of mental disorders | ||||
| MDE | 1.5* | (1.2–2.0) | 1.8* | (1.6–2.1) |
| GAD | 1.6* | (1.2–2.1) | 1.8* | (1.5–2.1) |
| Panic disorder | 1.5* | (1.1–2.0) | 1.9* | (1.5–2.4) |
| ASPD | 1.5 | (0.6–3.6) | 2.1* | (1.3–3.3) |
| Substance disorder | 1.5* | (1.1–2.0) | 1.7* | (1.4–2.0) |
| III. Respondent personality2 | ||||
| Neuroticism | 1.3* | (1.1–1.5) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.4) |
| Extroversion | 0.9 | (0.7–1.1) | 0.9 | (0.8–1.1) |
| Openness to experience | 1.0 | (0.8–1.2) | 1.3* | (1.1–1.5) |
*
Significant at the .05 level, two-sided test
1
Based on a discrete-time survival model with person-year as the unit of analysis, controlling for cohort (age at interview), gender, race-ethnicity, and person-year.
2
Estimated only in person-years subsequent to the baseline interview and among those without an onset of the outcome disorder prior to the baseline interview due to the fact that personality was only assessed as of the time of the baseline interview (n=4470).