Table 3.
Results of two multivariable logistic regression analyses of factors associated with intrapartum/early postpartum transmission and cumulative perinatal transmission at 6 weeks of age.
| Factor | Intrapartum/early postpartum transmissiona |
Cumulative transmission at 6 weeks of life |
|---|---|---|
| Did not breastfeed exclusively, % | 2.5 (0.26–23.7) | 13.5 (2.4–74) |
| Clinical chorioamnionitis | b | 5.7 (0.085–386) |
| CD4 estimate above median | 0.63 (0.22–1.8) | 1.1 (0.42–2.8) |
| Viral load higher that the median, % | 2.0 (0.68–5.6) | 3.1 (1.1–8.7) |
| Used alcohol during pregnancy, % | 2.1 (0.77–6.0) | 2.2 (0.82–5.6) |
| ⩽ 1 h between nevirapine ingestion and delivery, % | 5.8 (2.0–17) | 5.0 (1.8–14) |
Values are adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval).
a
Timing of infection was categorized as intrauterine if the birth specimen was positive for HIV DNA by polymerase chain reaction or intrapartum/early postpartum if the birth specimen was negative but the 6-week specimen was positive. The cumulative transmission rate describes all infants in whom the 6-week specimen was positive, irrespective of the status of the birth specimen.
b
Insufficient sample size to include clinical chorioamnionitis in logistic model.