Table 3.
Multivariate Associations Between Child and Family Characteristics and Children’s Receipt of Preventive Health Counseling (2002–2006)
| Demographic and Other Characteristics | Missing at Least 1 of 4 Preventive Counseling Items in Past 2 YearsaOR (95% CI) | Missing All 4 Preventive Counseling Items In Past 2 YearsaOR (95% CI) | Never Had At Least 1 of 4 Preventive Counseling ItemsaOR (95% CI) | Never Had All 4 Preventive Counseling ItemsaOR (95% CI) |
| Family insurance patterns | ||||
| Child insured, parents insured (reference group)b | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Child insured, parents 1 insured, 1 uninsuredc | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 1.33 (1.11–1.60) | 1.08 (0.93–1.26) |
| Child insured, parents uninsuredd | 1.16 (0.99–1.36) | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 1.20 (1.04–1.39) | 1.10 (1.01–1.21) |
| Child uninsured, parents insuredb | 1.33 (0.93–1.91) | 1.40 (1.11–1.76) | 1.32 (0.96–1.82) | 1.38 (1.08–1.75) |
| Child uninsured, parents 1 insured, 1 uninsuredc | 1.33 (0.88–2.02) | 1.42 (1.12–1.81) | 1.41 (0.97–2.05) | 1.37 (1.07–1.76) |
| Child uninsured, parents uninsuredd | 1.67 (1.41–1.98) | 1.63 (1.45–1.84) | 1.60 (1.35–1.90) | 1.48 (1.31–1.67) |
| Household income groupse | ||||
| High income (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Middle income | 1.29 (1.13–1.47) | 1.44 (1.31–1.59) | 1.23 (1.09–1.39) | 1.45 (1.31–1.61) |
| Low income | 1.25 (1.07–1.46) | 1.46 (1.29–1.65) | 1.32 (1.14–1.52) | 1.53 (1.35–1.74) |
| Near poor | 1.31 (1.05–1.63) | 1.56 (1.32–1.84) | 1.32 (1.08–1.60) | 1.63 (1.39–1.92) |
| Poor/negative | 1.13 (0.95–1.35) | 1.40 (1.24–1.58) | 1.15 (0.97–1.35) | 1.50 (1.33–1.69) |
| Child’s age, years | ||||
| 0–4 (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 5–9 | 0.87 (0.79–0.97) | 1.59 (1.47–1.73) | 0.76 (0.69–0.84) | 1.43 (1.32–1.56) |
| 10–14 | 1.03 (0.91–1.17) | 2.02 (1.84–2.21) | 0.84 (0.74–0.94) | 1.75 (1.60–1.92) |
| 15–18 | 1.48 (1.31–1.67) | 2.53 (2.28–2.80) | 1.11 (0.99–1.25) | 2.03 (1.81–2.26) |
| Child’s race/ethnicityf | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Hispanic, any race | 0.70 (0.61–0.81) | 0.83 (0.75–0.92) | 0.75 (0.65–0.86) | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) |
| Nonwhite, non-Hispanic | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) | 1.07 (0.95–1.19) |
| Family compositiong | ||||
| 2 Parents in household (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1 Parent in household | 1.19 (1.06–1.34) | 1.01 (0.93–1.10) | 1.20 (1.08–1.33) | 1.00 (0.92–1.09) |
| At least 1 parent completed high school | ||||
| Yes (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 1.03 (0.91–1.17) | 1.20 (1.09–1.31) | 1.10 (0.98–1.25) | 1.22 (1.10–1.35) |
| At least 1 parent employed | ||||
| Not currently employed (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Employed/self-employed | 1.00 (0.85–1.19) | 1.10 (0.97–1.25) | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) | 1.10 (0.95–1.26) |
| Geographic residence | ||||
| Northeast (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| West | 1.72 (1.40–2.12) | 1.84 (1.56–2.18) | 1.49 (1.20–1.85) | 1.55 (1.29–1.87) |
| South | 1.93 (1.62–2.29) | 1.76 (1.50–2.06) | 1.75 (1.47–2.08) | 1.56 (1.31–1.86) |
| Midwest | 1.81 (1.48–2.22) | 1.68 (1.41–2.00) | 1.73 (1.41–2.13) | 1.51 (1.25–1.83) |
| Child health status | ||||
| Excellent (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not excellent | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 0.84 (0.78–0.90) | 1.00 (0.92–1.10) | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) |
Source: 2002–2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Household Component (HC), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland.
CI=confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.
Note: To derive the yearly population estimates, each child record from the MEPS was weighted according to person-level weights provided by the data-collection agency for use in pooling multiple years.
a The preventive counseling services include MEPS-HC items that asked parents whether a doctor or health provider had advised their child about the importance of (1) healthy eating, (2) routine exercise, (3) use of car safety seats/booster seats/seat belts, and (4) use of a helmet while riding a tricycle/bicycle.
b In 2-parent families, both parents had insurance coverage on December 31 of the given year; in single-parent families, the sole parent had insurance coverage on December 31 of the given year.
c In 2-parent families, 1 parent had coverage and the other parent did not have insurance coverage on December 31 of the given year.
d In 2-parent families, both parents did not have insurance coverage on December 31 of the given year; in single-parent families, the sole parent did not have insurance coverage on December 31 of the given year.
e For information regarding household income groups, see footnote to Table 2 ▶.
f For information regarding child’s race/ethnicity, see footnote to Table 2 ▶.
g For information regarding family composition, see footnote to Table 2 ▶.