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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Traffic. 2009 Jun 9;10(10):1390–1404. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00951.x

Figure 3. Microtubule associated motors and stabilizing proteins regulate paranuclear mitochondrial clustering and apoptosis.

Figure 3

Apoptotic p38 phosphorylation of kinesin subunits halts anterograde traffic of mitochondria to promote dynein driven (-)-end accumulation (107). p38 phosphorylation also releases Op18 from microtubules to result in microtubule stabilization and mitochondrial clustering (116, 117). Mitochondrial aggregation and apoptosis are also influenced through microtubules by tau (83, 125) and HIV-1 Tat (126). MAP1S – LRPPRC – UXT complexes also stabilize microtubules and localize to apoptotic paranuclear mitochondria as well as the nucleus in complex with RNAPII and p300/CBP (109, 121–124). It has been proposed that these microtubule and nucleus associated proteins coordinate both apoptotic mitochondrial clustering and chromatin remodeling events (123, 124).