Figure 3.

Effects of DHβE on trace fear conditioning in chronic saline and chronic nicotine treated mice. The high-affinity nAChR antagonist DHβE (3 mg/kg) had no effect on baseline, trace-interval, altered, or trace cued freezing in chronic saline treated mice if administered at training, testing, or both training and testing (A). However, in chronic nicotine treated mice DHβE (3 mg/kg) precipitated deficits in cued freezing if administered prior to training or prior to both training and testing, but had no effect on baseline, trace-interval, or altered freezing (B). Significant difference (p < 0.05) from saline treated groups denoted with (*), data are reported as mean ± standard error of the mean.