Table 1.
Selected characteristics of gastric cancer cases and controls
| Cases (n=279) | Controls (n=414) | p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.96 | ||
| ≤50 | 34 (12.2) | 51 (12.3) | |
| 50-59 | 51 (18.3) | 72 (17.4) | |
| 60-69 | 113 (40.5) | 163 (39.4) | |
| ≤70 | 81 (29.0) | 128 (30.9) | |
| Gender | 0.65 | ||
| Male | 186 (66.7) | 269 (65.0) | |
| Female | 93 (33.3) | 145 (35.0) | |
| Education | 0.002 | ||
| ≤ High school | 133 (47.7) | 157 (37.9) | |
| Some college | 96 (34.4) | 137 (33.1) | |
| ≥ College graduate | 50 (17.9) | 120 (29.0) | |
| Smoking status | 0.0002 | ||
| Never | 78 (28) | 167 (40.3) | |
| Former | 84 (30.1) | 132 (31.9) | |
| Current | 115 (41.2) | 115 (27.8) | |
| Family history of cancer | 0.0002 | ||
| None | 161 (57.7) | 274 (66.2) | |
| Gastric cancer | 34 (12.2) | 17 (4.11) | |
| Other cancer | 73 (26.2) | 116 (28.0) | |
| Unknown | 11 (3.9) | 7 (1.7) | |
| Tumour localization | |||
| Cardia only | 32 (11.5) | N/Ab | |
| Distal stomach | 203 (72.8) | N/A | |
| Combined cardia / distal | 34 (12.2) | N/A | |
| Unknown | 10 (3.6) | N/A | |
| Lauren classificationc | |||
| Intestinal | 182 (67.9) | N/A | |
| Diffuse | 49 (18.3) | N/A | |
| Indeterminate | 32 (11.9) | N/A | |
| Unknown | 5 (1.9) | N/A | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Pack-years of smoking | 35.9 (104) | 20.7 (53.5) | 0.03 |
| Alcohol consumption, drinks/weekd | 6.0 (15.4) | 3.3 (6.2) | 0.006 |
| Dietary intakee | |||
| Calories, kcal/day | 2859 (824) | 2821 (793) | 0.57 |
| Fruits and juices, freq/week | 4.5 (3.5) | 5.6 (4.2) | 0.0005 |
| Vegetables, freq/week | 21.6 (7.3) | 22.5 (8.3) | 0.17 |
| Raw vegetables, freq/week | 5.7 (4.1) | 6.1 (4.1) | 0.21 |
| Ascorbic acid, mg/day | 77 (35.4) | 81.1 (37.5) | 0.17 |
a
Based on the χ2 test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables
b
N/A = not applicable
c
Information available for 268 cases
d
Information available for 276 cases and 412 controls
e
Information available for 234 cases and 401 controls