FIG. 1.

Induction of Msn2/4-dependent proteins requires cytoplasmic thioredoxins under H₂O₂ treatment. (A) Exponentially growing WT (YPH98) and trx1Δ trx2Δ mutant cells were treated (+) or not (−) with 0.6 mM H₂O₂ for 15 min before being labeled with [³⁵S]methionine and analyzed by quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The local areas of gel autoradiograms are displayed, and a summary of the quantification is presented as histograms (count of radioactivity measured for each spot [arbitrary units] normalized with Act1 signals). Arrows indicate Trr1, Pgm2, and Ctt1 protein spots. (B) Total RNAs were extracted from WT (YPH98) and trx1Δ trx2Δ mutant cells treated with H₂O₂ (0.6 mM) for different periods of time, as indicated. HSP12, PGM2, and CTT1 transcript levels were monitored in a Northern blot experiment (ACT1 mRNA was used as the standard).