Figure 2.

Induction of the p21/WAF1 expression by glucosamine in DU145 cells. A and B, Cells were cultured either without or with 2 mM glucosamine. A, p21 protein levels assessed by ELISA 48 h after glucosamine treatment; B, p21 mRNA levels were determined by Northern blot 10, 25, and 35 h after glucosamine treatment, representative blot from three independent experiments with similar results is shown. C, cells were transfected with human (hp21CAT) and rat (rp21JFCAT) p21 promoter reporter plasmids in the absence or presence of 1 mM glucosamine and processed for CAT activity assay 48 h later. A and C, the results of a representative experiments were presented as mean ± standard deviation of the three independent samples. All experiments were repeated at least three times.