TABLE 1.
Essential genes identified in this study as determinants of yeast resistance to inhibitory ethanol concentrationsa
| Gene/ORF name | Description of protein |
|---|---|
| Transcription machinery and RNA processing | |
| BDP1 | Essential subunit of RNA polymerase III transcription factor (TFIIIB); involved in transcription of genes encoding tRNAs, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, and other small RNAs |
| CSL4 | Subunit of the exosome, which is an essential complex present in both the nucleus and cytoplasm that mediates RNA processing and degradation |
| CWC25 | Component of a complex containing Cef1p, involved in pre-mRNA splicing |
| HTS1 | Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial histidine tRNA synthetase |
| IRR1 | Subunit of the cohesin complex, which is required for sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis and meiosis and interacts with centromeres and chromosome arms |
| MED8 | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex; associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme |
| MPE1 | Essential conserved subunit of CPF (cleavage and polyadenylation factor); plays a role in 3′ end formation of mRNA via the specific cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNA; contains a putative RNA-binding zinc knuckle motif |
| PRP11 | Subunit of the SF3a splicing factor complex, required for spliceosome assembly |
| RRP3 | Involved in rRNA processing; required for maturation of the 35S primary transcript of pre-rRNA and for cleavage leading to mature 18S rRNA |
| SPP381 | mRNA splicing factor, component of U4/U6/U5 tri-snRNP |
| TFC1 | One of six subunits of the RNA polymerase III transcription initiation factor complex (TFIIIC); part of the TauA globular domain of TFIIIC that binds DNA at the BoxA promoter sites of tRNA and similar genes |
| FHL1 | Putative transcriptional regulator with similarity to DNA-binding domain of Drosophila forkhead; required for rRNA processing |
| Others | |
| ARC35 | Subunit of the ARP2/ARP3 complex, which is required for the motility and integrity of cortical actin patches |
| IDI1 | Isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase (IPP isomerase); catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway |
| NAT2 | N-α-Acetyltransferase; transfers acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A to the N-terminal methionine residues of proteins |
| SIS1 | Type II HSP40 cochaperone that interacts with the HSP70 protein Ssa1p |
| STS1 | Protein that interacts with the karyopherin Srp1p; may have a role with Srp1p in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation |
| TOM40 | Component of the TOM (translocase of outer membrane) complex, responsible for recognition and initial import steps for all mitochondrially directed proteins |
a
Descriptions are based on those in the SGD (www.yeastgenome.org).