Localization of the NDV HN and M proteins in 293T cells. The M protein fused with an influenza virus hemagglutinin epitope tag and each HN variant containing altered cytoplasmic tails were expressed using the pCAGGS expression system in 293T cells. The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.2% Triton X-100, stained with a monoclonal antibody against the NDV HN protein followed by anti-Alexa Fluor 488 (green; HN) and anti-HA Alexa Fluor 594 (red; M) conjugates and analyzed by laser-scanning microscopy. (A) Wild-type HN, (B) HN Δ4, (C) HN S6A, and (D) HN Δ6.