Biomaterial microarray design. (a) Monomers used for microarray synthesis. (b) Monomers were mixed at a 70:30 ratio pairwise in all possible combinations with the exception of monomer 17, which was substituted with * to increase polymer hydrophilicity. To facilitate analysis, all 24 polymers composed of 70% of a particular monomer were printed as a 6*4 group on the array, as highlighted by the red and yellow boxes. Three blocks of 576 polymers were printed on each side, with a center to center spacing of 740 μm. (c) “Hit” polymer effects on hES cell attachment, growth and proliferation. Four million hES cell embryoid body day-6 cells were grown on the “hit” polymer arrays in the presence of retinoic acid, the absence of retinoic acid and with a 24-h pulse of the retinoic acid for 1 or 6 d. Cells were then stained for cytokeratin 7 (green), vimentin (red) and DNA (blue). Representative images at each time point for each polymer are shown for all conditions. RA, retinoic acid. (Figure from reference [23] with permission).