Table 3.

Clinical Variables Associated with Persistent Fatigue in LUMINA Patients by Univariable Analyses

Variable*	Estimate	Z value	p value
Organ system manifestations (present)†
Constitutional‡	0.7770	10.82	<0.0001
Integument	0.4070	4.90	<0.0001
Cardiorespiratory	0.0166	2.49	0.0127
Digestive	0.2371	1.51	0.1316
Renal	0.0097	0.11	0.9093
Peripheral vascular	0.1599	1.94	0.0523
Hematological	0.0014	0.02	0.9868
Neurological	0.4520	5.27	<0.0001
Ocular	0.1704	1.81	0.0699
Other clinical manifestations (present)
Headache	0.5000	4.46	<0.0001
Hypothyroidism	−0.2170	−1.36	0.1741
Premature gonadal failure	−0.3379	−2.58	0.0099
Increased weight*	0.2136	1.95	0.0512
Fibromyalgia	0.8332	8.10	<0.0001
Pain*	0.6637	8.61	<0.0001
Laboratory features
Anemia	0.0479	0.56	0.5742
Leukopenia	−0.1001	−0.78	0.4356
Lymphopenia	−0.0566	−0.71	0.4754
Thrombocytopenia	0.2257	1.76	0.0777
Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate	−0.0636	−0.75	0.4560
Increased creatinine	0.0132	0.08	0.9346
Disease activity (SLAM-R) *§	0.3574	4.96	<0.0001
Disease damage (SDI)*¶	0.1904	1.94	0.0518
Autoantibodies (present)**
Anti-dsDNA	−0.1759	−1.74	0.0817
Anti-Sm	−0.1466	−1.04	0.2965
APL	0.1099	0.81	0.4194
Medications used
Hydroxychloroquine	0.1179	1.20	0.2302
Glucocorticoids	0.2066	2.03	0.2242
Cyclophosphamide	−0.1645	−1.22	0.2242
Azathioprine	0.1513	1.32	0.1860
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	0.1512	1.93	0.0532
ACE inhibitors††	0.0895	0.92	0.3551
Anti-depressants	0.7772	8.99	<0.0001
Statins	0.0535	0.37	0.7126

^*Continuous variables have been dichotomized using their median values as the reference point (weight=71.7 kg, Pain=2.8, SLAM-R=6, SDI >0)

^†Attributable to lupus, as previously described (21)

^‡Fever and/or weigh loss without fatigue

^§Systemic Lupus Activity Measure-Revised

^¶Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index

^**Anti-double stranded DNA, anti-Smith and antiphospholipid antibodies, respectively

^††Angiotensin converting enzyme