Table 2. Neuropsychological Studies of Binge Drinking.
| Sample size | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study (year) | Study characteristics | F | M | Tasks | Outcomea (C = Control, B = Binge) |
| Kokavec & Crowe (1999) | Binge: Consume >10 drinks irregularly (<2 days per week) | 12 | 38 | WMS-R Logical Memory | C > B |
| Nonbinge: Consume >10 alcoholic drinks/day | 6 | 44 | WMS-R Visual Reproduction | C = B | |
| Conditions: All subjects diagnosed alcohol dependent, detoxified, gender/family history matched, subjects abstained from alcohol >2 weeks prior, no smoking data on subjects | Rey Complex Figure | C = B | |||
| Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test | |||||
| Trail Making Test | C = B | ||||
| C = B | |||||
| Weissenborn & Duka (2003) | Binge: 0.8 g/kg of 90% volume/volume alcohol in 30 min | 24 | 24 | CANTAB–Tower of London | C > B |
| CANTAB–Spatial Recognition Task | C > B | ||||
| Nonbinge: placebo group | 25 | 22 | CANTAB–Spatial Working Memory Task | C = B | |
| Conditions: Alcohol challenge, no alcohol abuse, subjects abstained from alcohol for >12 hr prior, smoking data unreported, gender taken into account | CANTAB–Pattern Recognition Task | C = B | |||
| Verster et al. (2003) | Binge: Moderate alcohol drinkers 8–9 standard drinks (1.4 g/kg body weight) in 30 min | Not reported | Word Learning Test–Learning | C > B | |
| Word Learning Test–Delayed Recall | C > B | ||||
| Nonbinge: Moderate alcohol drinkers in placebo | Word Learning Test–Immediate Recall | C = B | |||
| Word Learning Test–Recognition Score | C = B | ||||
| Conditions: Alcohol challenge, no alcohol dependency, gender taken into account, <10 cigarettes per day allowed, no alcohol recency data | Word Learning Test–Recognition Time | C = B | |||
| Mackworth Clock Test | C = B | ||||
| Hartley et al. (2004) | Binge: Binge Drinking Score > cutoff, 10 units (8 g alcohol) per occasion, ≥5 M (≥4 F) per occasion | 5 | 9 | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | C > B |
| Line Drawing Recall Test | C > B | ||||
| Nonbinge: Nondrinkers | 7 | 6 | Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test | C > B | |
| Conditions: Some alcohol dependent subjects included, gender taken into account, alcohol intake in past week measured, only minimal smoking in subjects (<5 per day) | CANTAB–Stockings of Cambridge Test | C > B | |||
| CANTAB–IDED Test | C = B | ||||
| Bond and Lader Mood Rating Scale | C = B | ||||
| Spatial Working Memory Test | C = B | ||||
| Spatial Recognition Memory Test | C = B | ||||
| Pattern Recognition Memory Test | C = B | ||||
| Word List Recall Test | C = B | ||||
| Townshend & Duka (2005) | Binge: Binge Drinking Score > cutoff | 15 | 23 | CANTAB–Matching-to-Sample Visual | C > B |
| Nonbinge: Binge Drinking Score < cutoff | 21 | 13 | Search task: Choice Time (bingers shorter some conditions) | ||
| Conditions: No subjects with alcohol dependence, gender taken into account, subjects abstained from alcohol for >12 hr prior, smoking not controlled | CANTAB–Matching to Sample Visual | C > B | |||
| Search task: Movement Time (binger shorter) | |||||
| CANTAB-Spatial Working Memory task (F > M errors than nonbinger group) | C > B | ||||
| CANTAB-Matching to Sample Visual Search task: Errors Made | C = B | ||||
| Gordon Diagnostic System-Vigilance task | C = B | ||||
| Goudriaan et al. (2007) | Binge: ≥5 drinks on one occasion, ≥2 times past 30 days | Not reported | Iowa Gambling Task–Effects of Punishment Frequency | C > B (heavy bingers only) | |
| Nonbinge: ≥5 drinks on one occasion, <2 times past 30 days | |||||
| Conditions: Groups matched on age, gender, ethnicity, smoking | |||||
Note. C = B: No significant difference between control and binge group. F = female; M = male; WMS-R = Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised; CANTAB = Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery; IDED = Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift.
a
C > B: Controls scored significantly higher than binge group.