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Examples of molecular networks with different topologies. (a) Random coil - open chain; (b) tree; (c) loop; (d) network with two loops. In panels (c) and (d), doubly crossed bonds (//) denote virtual cuts used in calculations of conformational entropies. Virtual cuts reduce the topology of multiply connected networks (c) and (d) to that of chain (a) and of tree (b), respectively.
