Table 3.

Ca²⁺ transient characteristics in isolated WT and Na,K-β₁ knockout cardiomyocytes

	ΔF/Fo	TTP (s)	Half decay (s)
WT (n=17)	0.840 ± 0.085	0.034 ± 0.002	0.180 ± 0.010
KO (n=10)	1.410 ± 0.163*	0.043 ± 0.002*	0.195 ± 0.008

Data are Mean ± SEM.

^*p = 0.01, ΔF/Fo = amplitude of Ca²⁺ transient normalized to resting fluorescence, TTP = time to peak, Half decay = time to 50% relaxation.