Table 3.
Associations of clinical characteristics of peripheral arterial disease participants with physical activity tertiles
| (A) Caltrac physical activity data | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant characteristic | Tertile 1 (<410 activity units) (n = 35) | Tertile 2 (≥410 to <706 activity units) (n = 37) | Tertile 3 (≥706 activity units) (n = 36) | Trend p-value |
| Age | 72.50 (8.8) | 73.80 (9.4) | 66.10 (9.3) | 0.0044 |
| Male sex (%) | 54.29 | 48.65 | 52.78 | 0.902 |
| Black race (%) | 45.71 | 32.43 | 38.89 | 0.5612 |
| ABI | 0.58 (0.16) | 0.62 (0.15) | 0.69 (0.20) | 0.0054 |
| BMI | 31.83 (7.17) | 30.00 (7.04) | 28.74 (5.41) | 0.0498 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 17.65 | 21.62 | 25 | 0.4557 |
| Angina (%) | 17.14 | 11.11 | 13.89 | 0.697 |
| Heart failure (%) | 8.82 | 16.67 | 13.89 | 0.5412 |
| Hypertension (%) | 82.86 | 88.89 | 77.78 | 0.5619 |
| Current smoker (%) | 28.57 | 21.62 | 22.22 | 0.5346 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 48.57 | 45.95 | 22.22 | 0.0242 |
| Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation | ||||
| Baseline diameter (mm) | 4.54 (0.72) | 4.51 (0.83) | 4.18 (0.63) | 0.042 |
| Flow stimulus (mm3/s) | 667.10 (286.2) | 607.10 (389.1) | 733.44 (324.9) | 0.446 |
| Velocity time integral ratio (reactive hyperemia to baseline) | 5.29 (2.80) | 5.26 (3.19) | 6.54 (5.12) | 0.184 |
| Diameter 60 s after cuff release (mm) | 4.74 (0.71) | 4.67 (0.84) | 4.51 (0.61) | 0.188 |
| Absolute change in brachial artery diameter (mm) | 0.20 (0.12) | 0.19 (0.16) | 0.33 (0.17) | 0.0008 |
| Percent change in brachial flow-mediated diameter (%) | 4.65 (3.17) | 4.32 (3.79) | 8.16 (4.39) | 0.0003 |
| (B) Digiwalker physical activity data | ||||
| Participant characteristic | Tertile 1 (< 8419 steps) (n = 36) | Tertile 2 (≥ 8419 to < 21,624 steps) (n = 37) | Tertile 3 (≥ 21,624 steps) (n = 37) | Trend p-value |
| Age | 72.20 (9.2) | 73.30 (8.1) | 66.70 (10.6) | 0.0147 |
| Male sex (%) | 47.22 | 56.76 | 54.05 | 0.5624 |
| Black race (%) | 44.44 | 29.73 | 40.54 | 0.7393 |
| ABI | 0.59 (0.15) | 0.65 (0.17) | 0.65 (0.19) | 0.1248 |
| BMI | 32.44 (7.61) | 31.55 (5.43) | 27.30 (6.14) | 0.0009 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 25.71 | 16.22 | 21.62 | 0.6814 |
| Angina (%) | 19.44 | 13.89 | 8.11 | 0.1662 |
| Heart failure (%) | 17.14 | 13.89 | 10.81 | 0.4396 |
| Hypertension (%) | 88.89 | 86.11 | 75.68 | 0.1331 |
| Current smoker (%) | 22.22 | 29.73 | 16.22 | 0.5346 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 50 | 43.24 | 24.32 | 0.0263 |
| Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation | ||||
| Baseline diameter (mm) | 4.65 (0.66) | 4.49 (0.78) | 4.18 (0.76) | 0.0066 |
| Flow stimulus (mm3/s) | 626.60 (276.9) | 738.10 (430.2) | 688.20 (383.7) | 0.4755 |
| Velocity time integral ratio (reactive hyperemia to baseline) | 4.27 (1.94) | 5.87 (3.40) | 6.73 (5.01) | 0.005 |
| Diameter 60 s after cuff release (mm) | 4.79 (0.67) | 4.74 (0.79) | 4.50 (0.75) | 0.0985 |
| Absolute change in brachial artery diameter (mm) | 0.16 (0.17) | 0.25 (0.13) | 0.32 (0.18) | <0.0001 |
| Percent change in brachial flow-mediated diameter (%) | 3.53 (3.85) | 5.75 (3.23) | 8.02 (4.48) | <0.0001 |
Data shown are means (standard deviations).
ABI, ankle–brachial index; BMI, body mass index.