Fig. 2.
Calculation of the probability pSO→TA that a seed produced by epiphytic orchids on a source tree (treeSO) was dispersed to a target tree (treeTA). This probability corresponds to the area under the dispersal kernel k covered by the target tree (hatched area) in relation to the total area covered by the seed shadow of the source tree (area enclosed by the outermost ring). The shaded area is the area at the distance dSO→TA ± cTA/2 (crown diameter of treeTA) between treeSO and treeTA (compare eqns 8 and 9 in the text).